Gulf Air Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Gulf Air - Case Study Example Assets of the gulf air company have become manifold as compared to the time it started its business. (Gulf Air Official Website, 2010) The history of Gulf aviation relates back to the 1940s when a British pilot and entrepreneur named Freddie Bosworth started a company with the aim of providing air taxi services to the local customers and to the businesses. For ten years he was carrying on with the company with his small fleet of aircrafts and at the end of first quarter of 1950 he transformed his business into a private shareholding company with the name of Gulf Aviation. Therefore, it can be regarded as one of the oldest air carriers performing operations in the Middle East. After some time in 1951, the founder of the company died and it was all set to be sold to the big guns of the aviation industry. (Gulf Air Official Website, 2010) In the month of October of the year 1951 British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) acquired a 22% stake in the Gulf Aviation and therefore became a major share holder in the company. After the purchase of stake of the Gulf Aviation by British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) some of the updated and technologically advanced aircrafts were added to the fleet of the company as well as the company started its services to London city. Year 1973 is regarded as the most important year in the his... Thus by the acquisition of the shares of the company Gulf air became the national carrier of those four countries in the Persian Gulf. Moving further along the line in the same year, Gulf aviation achieved another land mark with the establishment of the subsidiary company of Gulf Helicopters. In the 1980s an increase in the trend of travelling by air was seemed in the world and the air travel was seemed to be the best commuting route in the world. With this opportunity Gulf airways also cashed in to make the best out of the bargain. It was the time of some real growth for the company and the company made the best out of the available opportunities. In the year 1981 Gulf Air became an IATA member and in the following year, it became the first International airline to land at Riyadh. With the progress of the company more and more aircrafts were also being added to the fleet of the company and in the year 1988 Boeing 767s were added to the fleet of the company and with the addition of Boeing 767s more services were offered to different customers of the different destinations. Gulf air also has the prestige of being the first Arab airline to fly directly to the continent of Australia. In the year 1994 Gulf air started receiving the airbus aircrafts and in the year 2000 took t he delivery of all of the remaining airbus aircrafts. In the meanwhile gulf air extended its services to the other parts of the world and the procedure of expansion did not stop. In the 1990s gulf air was down on profits and was not performing well as a corporate entity when the reign of the fleet and resources of gulf air was held in the hands of a newly appointed CEO of the company. In the year 2002 Mr. James Hogan became the president

Arts & academic Essay Example for Free

Arts academic Essay First of all, I have the diligence, determination, and aptitude to take on an Arts degree and make the most out of it. In such a large university, the ability to interact with peers and mentors both on academic and social levels is of also prime importance for survival. I am fortunately blessed with exceptional communication and interpersonal skills that allow me to be able to interact well in diverse groups. I can speak out my mind politely and explain my thoughts clearly and comfortably to make my peers and mentors understand my ideas accurately. However, the quality in me that I believe above all else would make me a success in a university Arts program is my strong vision of what I intend to be in life. This vision of mine has guided me throughout my education, keeping me in track with what I want out of life. My vision gives me an exact sense of personality, and through it I derive meaning and originality. I know what I want and I know that I have what it takes to make it happen, and that will eventually make me a success in your Arts program.

The Impact Of Globalization On Engineering Companies

The Impact Of Globalization On Engineering Companies Globalization is one of the prominent features in the current trend of evolution for national economies. Companies and Nations can be offered with huge potential profits through globalization, but it is more complicated to implement because of widely differing expectations, standard of living, cultures and values as well as unexpected global cause-and-effect linkages. [1] Financial Globalization: Combination of sedentary financial system of a particular country with international organization as well as financial markets. Financial globalization acts as a safeguard against national shocks, an excellent system for the global allocation of resources in a more efficient way. [2] Production Globalization: Producers are getting more benefits from different cultures cheap labors all around the world, due to which world has become the global village. Companies prefer other parts of the world, where products are available at lower cost. Other reason for this is availability of natural resources in the country preferred facility provided by that country for foreign investments. This has a wide application addressed as production globalization, which needs higher technological knowledge countries with highly skilled people. [3] Competitive Globalization: In world where global competition is increasingly growing, nation has become more, not less, prominent. Basis of competition being shifted more more, the generation orientation of knowledge, role of nation has flourished. Competitive advantages is generated and approved through a highly confined process. Diversity in national values, culture, economic structures, institutions histories are all devoted to competitive success. Companies achieve competitive advantage through acts of innovation with broadest sense, including the new ways new technologies, this helps in perceiving an entirely new market opportunity. Globalization of Industry technology always helps in creating new winners also losers within the national economy for the competition to be more stronger. [4] Basic step of globalization is that, it is an intensified transference of exchange of things between pre-constituted units, being they are political, economic and cultural. Thus, Globalization signifies a process of change which originates at the level of unit in terms of unintended consequences of interaction between units. [5] Understanding of globalization can be accomplished in terms of range of values across the below mentioned four characteristics. When we see how far it reaches, broader geographical effects could be experienced in events and actions that take place. Globalization involves social, political economic activities being stretched and once it is implemented onto the process, one part of the world has an increasing effect on the situations in the other parts of world. http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTBMX7rPCg3IhrcLq9BVCHUHJAqtsGMIvMazbRNCChdlvBT6obQ Fig: Understanding the concept of globalization. (Google Images) Speed of global interconnections processes are uncertain. Results of developments in travel and communication technology have larger velocity. Impact of Globalization cannot be expected only in single type, but there are four different types of impact or outcome. Decisional Impact: What are the effects of globalizing processes? How do individuals, corporations, organization government make decisions? Institutional Impact: How the agendas of organizations and individuals are changed and structure their preferences regarding choices and influences? Distributive Impact: How is the distribution of way, wealth power within and among the countries changed? Structural Impact: How are the patterns behavior structured? This contains Social patterns, political patterns, economic patterns etc. [6] Source of lot of disputes over globalization involves different perceptions and the criteria employed in conceptualizing and defining it. Globalization of any market is at hand. The powerful force drive arises by comprising the commonality of the technology. This has three distinct abilities over the idea of Globalization, as explained below. (Source-International sociology p-180) Globalization as Transference implies that there is an exchange across the existing unit boundaries, units and systems but it is presumed to be identical to each other. Considering this interpretation, concept of globalization is an individuals ontology, which is logically open for methodological structuring possibilities. Hence takes place at an inside out direction in its flow. Following this logic of transference, we have an intense condensation of consequences today with larger systems being coupled over a corresponding inability to account for how the transformation of units might occur in process. So when there is a certain effect, it is possible to argue that globalization has a new geographical extension of state authority for pushing forward the process, while modern state remains as a globalization vehicle. (Source-International sociology p-184) Globalization as Transformation is a process which occurs at system level, affecting both system and identity of units in equal proportion. This concept is distinct from the first concept which defines the concept of globalization as a multidimensional process that takes place outside in. But there is continuity between them, wherein this second concept theorizes exactly about what is left out and rendered enigmatically by the first concept. Transformation preserves the distinction between unit and the system, but relativizes problematizes the system by turning it into a same level of units analyzed as its constituent parts. From this point of view, globalization might be made to look both necessary irreversible. (Source-International sociology P-186) Globalization as Transcendence implies those distinctions that together condition unit, system and dimension identity. Under this case, the Globalization is neither inside out nor outside in but rather a process that dissolves the divide between inside and outside. This concept is harder than that of transformation, because its concepts are beyond conventional theoretical categories. Globalization brings change not only to identify the units system, but also to the conditions of existence of objects of enquiry and the fields where they are temporalized as per the requirement of human knowledge, hence deriving the globalization forward in a dynamic irreducible form within particular dimensions. [5] Impact of Globalization: People rely more on market economy which has provided more faith in private capital resources, wherein International organizations started playing vital role in developing Industries giving fair impact to certain extent by giving varied opportunities. http://www.fotosearch.com/bthumb/ICN/ICN219/F0015451.jpg It helped in improving better productivity, hence improving standard of living. These are the positive impacts of Globalization over the Industries. The negative impact of globalization has thrown uncertain challenges like inequality across within industries along with market and environmental situations becoming worse. Industries being guarded by trade, investments financial issues, Liberalization process took the pace of Globalization. Financial globalization impact is huge in the composition of national international capital markets. The banking system was mostly stirred it had to experience the dis-intermediation. http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRrMsuwZagwCgZtdlvGarflv8WtMe8wwn7gLFHuIdM2SwzhSK38rA Positive Impact: Enhanced capital flow in each every country with which a country at any time is ready to face the financial confrontation. Capital flow between nations increased, which resulted in a well-organized way Improvement in the standard of living. Negative impact: Poor economy of any country would be affected by financial shocks of different countries. It would cause a severe disorder cost high for stock market turbulence, bank failures, corporate bankruptcies, currency depreciation, etc. For financially developed countries, financial globalization would reap out an extremely advantageous output. [7] Impact of Competitive globalization- Globalization has created fast growing market that stimulates new competition, demands higher level of efficiency requires true ability in supply chain development. Globalization of Industry technology promises to accelerate transnational integration cross-fertilization in engineering, technology and management. http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRnTBkbtQLFxjzqpMHpcT35VTbgrkxliOTxbhXoynzCICu388zGlg Fig: Competitive Globalization. (Google images) Competitive globalization of technical activities improves the difference and depth of current stock of world engineering and resources thereby provide greater stimulus to economic growth and technological development. [8] Impact of Production Globalization- Major measures initiated as a part of the liberalisation and globalisation strategy in the early nineties included scrapping of the industrial licensing regime, reduction in the specialization, correction of the ownership and the restrictive trade practice act, start of the privatisation programme, reduction in tariff rates and change over to the market determined exchange rates. http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQtzwR1iADc_QOa2sHQDTdvo4QSGRu-RHNJ5TT_SBE5RX8OZsTd Fig: Production Globalization (Google Images) India has to concentrate on five important areas to achieve the set goal. The areas like technological entrepreneurship, new business openings for small and medium enterprises, importance of quality management, new prospects in rural areas and privatisation of financial institutions. The manufacturing of technology and management of technology are two different significant areas in the country. [9] Globalization has many positive, contemporary enterprising aspects so as to increase the market access, capital access access to technology which improves the income employment opportunities. Intensified competition given through the transfer of investments, production rapid structural changes is the main principle of globalization. But if there is any pressure from globalization, it would affect the employment relations at regional, national international levels. Source- Human resource champions (Dave Ulrich) p-176 Important Effects of Globalization are raising competitiveness, relocation of economic activities, structural changes in economy, increased integration of global economic activities, improving technological advancements, increased innovation and skill mismatch. Impact of globalization varies considerably according to the organizational settings within each country; this framework influences the employer strategies business interests. Source- Human Resource Champions (Dave Ulrich) P-181 [10] Challenges of Globalization: The influence of globalization framework describes extent to which the firms respond to the opportunities threats evinced by Globalization; it is characterized by management initiatives to modify business tactics, marketing activities general series of tactical exercises in adroit move characterized by craftiness. Challenge : Earth Puzzle Prominent challenges of globalization are, competitive horizon is dominated by globalization. Globalization entails new ways of thinking about business; it may be regarding new markets, products, mind sets or competencies. Complex network of global centers of excellence is required for effective global competencies. Developing countries when integrated into global economy will present difficult challenges which are worth gaining. This is to be more significantly achieved by Industrial Developing countries. This provides an opportunity to improve the welfare over the long term. Wide ranging impact of globalization touches on many basic philosophical questions that give raise to different challenges. Globalization challenges to the traditional assumptions like profound quantitative increase in and intensification of social relations. [11] Detailed Description of Globalization impact over the service, product financial issues: To understand this whole concept, let us consider an example to be the context; wherein I have considered QUEST GLOBAL to explain this whole concept. http://www.quest-global.com/images/Quest_logo.gif Fig: Quest Global (questglobal.com) Growing is easy when company is small, but growing is not as easy when the same company grows bigger. Quest global is a leading provider of diversified engineering manufacturing services globally. It employs over 2000 professionals and has delivery centers in India, USA, Italy, Japan, Germany, France, Singapore, UK Spain. Quest Global is ranked World No.1 in Engineering Service Outsourcing by the Black Book of Outsourcing 2009. Quest Manufacturing specializes in precision manufacturing for aerospace, automotive and industrial components, power generation, large scale turnkey fabrication, design and manufacturing of test rigs, tooling, fixtures and gages. Quest has partnered with more than 10,000 companies around globe. It is a globalized company which is more stable in the systems management market for more than 20 years offering solid brand recognition. All over the world customers have selected Quest Global because of its product innovation passion, deep manufacturing expertise main focus over the consumer needs. [12] Milestones: At first, found Ajit Prabhu Aravind Melligeri in New York (Chairman and Chief executive Officer); after which Quest Global India was set up in Bangalore. It acquired a position of leader in providing Computer Aided Engineering consulting services, so as to enter the automotive domain. Finally by 2 years of hard work, it received its ISO 9001:2000 certification. Next step was getting appointed by Ansys, as its first-of-its-kind Centre of excellence in India. http://www.hfmametrony.org/Portals/0/Milestones_side.jpg Fig: Milestone (Google images) It signed up with United Technologies in Aero scope domain to provide good services. Wholly owned subsidiary was set up in Italy with its office at Florence, then in China with its office at Hangzhou. It received funding from Carlyle group that invested so as to improve its facilities to access new customers or markets. Wholly owned subsidiary was set up in Japan with its office in Yokohama City. Expanding of Aerospace manufacturing and Magellan Aero scope; Quest Global Manufacturing signs a 10 year strategic agreement. Both Quest Global and Magellan launch Indias first special processing facility for aerospace manufacturing. It received the award ISO 27001 for product development and engineering solutions promoters bought back the Carlyle stake. It achieved AS9100 Certification for aerospace manufacturing. Quest global becomes 1st India private sector player qualified globally to offer end to end solutions to EADS (European Aeronautic Defence Space Company). Quest manufacturing sets up a sheet metal fabrication facility for aerospace. Company got the notification from Government of India to lease out land at its precision engineering SEZ (Special Economic Zones) at Belgaum, India. It won competitive strategy leadership award from Frost Sullivan. It acquired ASE (Automotive Service Excellence) Technologies. It was awarded International Head Quarters Status by EDB (Economic Development Board), Singapore. Quest Globals commitment to quality and distinguished record in Engineering Consulting Services and Manufacturing has enabled it to establish a leadership position in most of its service offerings. With a best-in-class global leadership team, Quest Global is recognized as one of the largest pure play engineering services player, providing integrated product development and build solutions across the engineering services value chain. [13] After looking at all these achievements, we can understand how well this company is influenced by the production competitive efficiencies and has helped the company to grow in a well-developed manner globally all over the world. The vision of this company is to be most recognized respected global product development solutions partner to their customers. With respect to these visions, the company has its mission set which is to enhance the profitability of their customers through globalization. The core values for acquiring this mission are:http://www.eaaev.org/images/mission-statement.jpg Customer focus. Change championship. Teamwork. Accountability. To provide the globalized engineering service, they made use of crucial soft skills with the conclusion that, there is no one size fits to all solution for managing that satisfying level of end users. According to their opinion, customer relationship management communication were important for which the result would be seen in the milestones mentioned above. There is a tremendous change experienced in outsourcing characteristics which is aiming towards the tactical strategic benefits globally. Initially started with the availability of resources, which is now transformed into strategic initiatives like diversity, new capabilities catching up new markets trend for increase in productivity profitability of company. This has given major challenges ahead before achieving the goal that is set by the company. The solution for these major challenges was an excellent program managing framework, which helped in achieving the goals, maintain implement increasing benefits within the company. The foremost and key successful factor for the success of globalization is an effective efficient framework for managing the program in more productive manner. This process includes understanding customer needs, new value propositions based on the extracted needs, implementation of approved value propositions, value addition which helped in continuously improving. All these factors were achieved only through efficient coordinating with end users, management, sponsors, team members, supporting functions and suppliers for the relevant integration and control of various processes. Once the goals are being set into the framework, it is very important that clear objectives are to be defined for the whole process to be successful. In most of globalized environments all the parameters are framed for the growth support of the business, increase in the return of investment (margin velocity), continuously customizing the customer needs not losing any opportunities. The driving factor that contributes to pull push system required highly motivated and energetic leadership which plays the vital role and to react for changes that may occur drastically. All processes were made flexible, mature capable at all stages- program, project, task activity. Resulting output with standards were made acceptable by appearance, domain or the function. This success was made possible by establishing proper vision, mission, growth, n finally implementing these road maps with effective controlling changing these maps according to the customer requirements. SWOT analysis was more reliable for understanding the customer needs by filling the frequent gaps or risk analysis. To foster the quality, detailed process tools were used in the framework. Techniques like Manage by wandering around (MBWA) Manage by action items (MBAI) were used as a key drive to the success. This company has three different domains in which it has been successful all these years; they are Aerospace, Automotive Industrial products. When we just concentrate on how this company has improved globally within all these three domains individually, we get to know different characteristics from each and every domain. Looking into the Quest Manufacturing domain, it specializes in manufacturing products with precision, fabrication of sheet metal, tool design development, aerospace gauges fixtures, special processing, Industrial automotive verticals. Customized end-to-end solution is provided by flexible and modular approach from design to manufacturing; this reduces the cost value being increased. When exploring Quest Engineering domain, this company provides modified manufacturing engineering services. This company helps customers in different fields like industrial products, consumer electronics, in aerospace, health care, oil gas, power generation so as to cut product development costs, shortening lead times, maximizing the availability of resources, extending capacity by providing the complete support across the product life cycle from design modeling through analysis, prototyping, automation, data documentation, instrumentation controls, embedded systems development, manufacturing support, vendor management in-house precision machining. [14] They utilize a systematic approach called Global product development in order to bring resources together and manage from low cost regions to improve the customers profitability. It also uses SEZ for precision engineering which provides best-in-class facilities infrastructure for aerospace industry. C:UsersNamrathaDesktopashwiniCapture.PNG Fig (a): Increased Variation in achievement of the company in previous years. (Image from trusted source) Influence of financial, competitive production globalization on the relationship of Quest-Global and its client world-wide includes lot many significant factors. They are: Mindset We will do. There are 3 important mindset over which the company must focus for the productive outcome. They are It will happen, It may or may not happen or Its not going to happen. Chances of the companys success increases dramatically only when the process starts with We can do it mindset. Quality Delivery- Customers are God. No service business can sustain grow if it is not able to cherish its customers. Repeating business makes the issue possible. Quality always comes first, cost always comes next. Customer Focus Listen to the Customers. Customers are the vital players of any company are business, because they are the providers of Statement of work they are the individuals who give purchase orders. Hands on value driven It is not just the job we have to perform, but it is our mission. This must be the attitude of people involved in work in any company. This was the concern each every worker in this company which has increased the global position of this company to a very large extent as shown in the graph. [Information from trusted source] The other two important factors that are influencing the growth of this company worldwide drastically are Outsourcing Off-shoring. To make the product development cost minimum, to shorten the lead time, for the capacity to be extended, engineering resources to be maximized, the company use the technique of Outsourcing. To build deliver the products that are better and cheaper, to minimize the developing costs, to reduce the lead time, maximizing the resources, the technique of Off-shore engineering service is being used. This transforms the vendor company into a global force. Hence, this company is one of the top off-shore engineering companies for its resilience as a mature stable for their clients. Quests expertise in outsourcing engineering services ranges from concept design, detailing analysis, to product realization solution in all fields like aerospace, civil structures, power generation, industrial products, oil gas and transportation. They provide better, faster more value-optimized solutions through global product development framework. [15] Conclusion: By realizing their future goal, they clocked the revenue value fixed per every headcount in the company to certain value for certain time period. Even under that recession period that occurred in 2008, it grew its revenue by 15%. This had an effect of growth mindset, strong cost controls cautious spending which helped them in sailing over complications without making any undeniable choices across the board until this point of their global journey. http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQDS4AnZna9f_qOuJaY7tOS6hGlBctOF8PwL1Cu9Y78BkRXqjtV Fig: conclusion (Google images) They also used the strong key factors to stand strong over the global market; they are committed team members, focused strategy on strategic accounts, ability to adapt and meet the client needs. The company looks its future goals in a very promising way, due to which they are backed by strong bonding with their strategic accounts with Rolls Royce, Pratt Whitney, GE, Hamilton, Sundstrand, PG, EADS and several other emerging accounts. Their belief in saying, Past success does not guarantee the future success has helped them in achieving a drive of 40% growth every year. This result has created a dynamic market that has stimulated a strong competitive environment within the company and also the demands have reached a very high level of efficiency, this also requires true ability in supply chain development for both Financial and production impact. The Industry technology they are using, it promises to accelerate transnational integration cross-fertilization in all sectors of engineering, technical management. Bringing together and managing resources from low cost regions has helped them enhance their customers profitability. The usage of automation tool in production domain has helped the user in reducing the design cycle time considerably which provides with more accurate and detailed information. All the design rules and logics are now incorporated inside the master models which help in better knowledge management. The migration from 2D to 3D CAD platform has helped the user in reducing design errors and provides better visualization of the product. The standardization of the product structure and design practice and automating the same has given the user an edge over its competitors. [15] Their competitive globalization of technical activities has promised to improve the differences depth of current stock of world engineering and resources; thereby providing the greater stimulus to the economic growth technological development. [Information from trusted source]

The Mandala Archetype in Intertidal Life by Audrey Thomas :: Audrey Thomas Intertidal Life

The Significance of the Mandala Archetype in Intertidal Life      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Audrey Thomas' novel Intertidal Life, is an account of a woman's struggle for Emmersonian self-reliance and identity. The main character, Alice Hoyle, is forced by her husband to undertake a perilous, painful, and chaotic journey into her subconscious, in order to find her "self". This struggle to obtain a new "self" identity and self-reliance is symbolized throughout the novel by the Jungian archetype of the Mandala; a circular image with a center that represents the: "wholeness of personality, [and] the center of the whole... It is the archetype of inner order; and it is always used in that sense, either to make arrangements of the many, many aspects of the universe-a world scheme-or to arrange the complicated aspects of our psyche into a scheme " (Psych,86). Therefore, in Intertidal Life, the Mandala is an archetype arising "when there is a great disorder and chaos in a [woman's] mind... It appears to bring order, showing the possibility of order and centeredn ess" (Psych,86) Alice Hoyle first experiences chaos and despair when Peter admits to Alice that he no longer loves Alice, and he wants to seek out and find himself. She interprets that the move to the island was simply a tact to get Alice easily out of Peter's life. As Alice says,"It's so strange. I've felt so close to you these last few months. I saw the new room, the move over here as something wonderful, a new beginning to our marriage. I guess what I saw as a sunrise, you saw as a sunset" (20). Moreover, as Alice realizes that her husband, Peter is having an affair with Anne-Marie, and her worldly values and ambitions are tossed upside down, she encounters her first Mandala type dream: one night, Alice had a dream of apples. She was holding Flora in her arms and people were pelting at them both with fruit... She was calling and calling for help (24).    In this dream, Alice is the focus of the center of attention, surrounded by people pelting her with apples. A schematic image is presented which is in the form of a Mandala. Out of this dream, she comes to the realization for the first time, that "the other woman" in Peter's life is Anne-Marie (24). Thus, this Mandala represents, that she is unwanted by Peter, must find away to protect herself from her emotions, and she must seek help, in redefining her life. The Mandala Archetype in Intertidal Life by Audrey Thomas :: Audrey Thomas Intertidal Life The Significance of the Mandala Archetype in Intertidal Life      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Audrey Thomas' novel Intertidal Life, is an account of a woman's struggle for Emmersonian self-reliance and identity. The main character, Alice Hoyle, is forced by her husband to undertake a perilous, painful, and chaotic journey into her subconscious, in order to find her "self". This struggle to obtain a new "self" identity and self-reliance is symbolized throughout the novel by the Jungian archetype of the Mandala; a circular image with a center that represents the: "wholeness of personality, [and] the center of the whole... It is the archetype of inner order; and it is always used in that sense, either to make arrangements of the many, many aspects of the universe-a world scheme-or to arrange the complicated aspects of our psyche into a scheme " (Psych,86). Therefore, in Intertidal Life, the Mandala is an archetype arising "when there is a great disorder and chaos in a [woman's] mind... It appears to bring order, showing the possibility of order and centeredn ess" (Psych,86) Alice Hoyle first experiences chaos and despair when Peter admits to Alice that he no longer loves Alice, and he wants to seek out and find himself. She interprets that the move to the island was simply a tact to get Alice easily out of Peter's life. As Alice says,"It's so strange. I've felt so close to you these last few months. I saw the new room, the move over here as something wonderful, a new beginning to our marriage. I guess what I saw as a sunrise, you saw as a sunset" (20). Moreover, as Alice realizes that her husband, Peter is having an affair with Anne-Marie, and her worldly values and ambitions are tossed upside down, she encounters her first Mandala type dream: one night, Alice had a dream of apples. She was holding Flora in her arms and people were pelting at them both with fruit... She was calling and calling for help (24).    In this dream, Alice is the focus of the center of attention, surrounded by people pelting her with apples. A schematic image is presented which is in the form of a Mandala. Out of this dream, she comes to the realization for the first time, that "the other woman" in Peter's life is Anne-Marie (24). Thus, this Mandala represents, that she is unwanted by Peter, must find away to protect herself from her emotions, and she must seek help, in redefining her life.

Different Learning Theories Of Human Resource Development

Knowing a individuals larning manner enables larning to be orientated harmonizing to the preferable method. That said, everyone responds to and needs the motive of all types of larning manners to one extent or another – it ‘s a affair of utilizing importance that fits best with the given state of affairs and a individual ‘s acquisition manner penchants. Kolb ‘s larning theory sets out four different larning manners, which are based on a four phase larning rhythm. In this regard Kolb ‘s theoretical account is peculiarly elegant, since it offers both a manner to understand single people ‘s different acquisition manners, and besides an account of a rhythm of experiential acquisition that applies to us all. Diverging ( experiencing and watching – CE/RO ) Assimilating ( watching and believing – AC/RO ) Converging ( making and believing – AC/AE ) Accommodating ( making and experiencing – CE/AE ) Diverging people are able to look at things from different positions. They are sensitive. They prefer to watch instead than make, be givening to garner information and usage imaginativeness to work out jobs. They are best at sing concrete state of affairss several different point of views. Kolb called this manner ‘Diverging ‘ because these people perform better in state of affairss that require ideas-generation, for illustration, brainstorming. Peoples with a Diverging acquisition manner have wide cultural involvements and like to roll up information. They are interested in people, be likely to be originative and emotional, and be given to be strong in the humanistic disciplines. Peoples with the Diverging manner prefer to work in groups, to listen with an unfastened head and to have personal feedback. The Assimilating acquisition penchant is for a summarizing, logical attack. Ideas and constructs are more of import than people. These people require good clear account instead than practical chance. They do highly good at understanding broad runing information and forming it a clear logical format. Peoples with an Absorbing acquisition manner are less focussed on people and more interested in thoughts and abstract constructs. Peoples with this manner are more attracted to logically sound theories than attacks based on practical value. These learning manner people are of import for effectivity in information and scientific discipline callings. In formal acquisition state of affairss, people with this manner prefer readings, talks, researching analytical theoretical accounts, and holding clip to believe things through. For an illustration people who prefer the ‘Assimilating ‘ learning manner will non be comfy being thrown in at the deep terminal without notes and instructions. Converging people with a Converging learning manner can work out jobs and will utilize their acquisition to happen solutions to utile issues. They prefer proficient undertakings, and are less concerned with people and interpersonal facets. Peoples with a Converging acquisition manner are best at happening practical utilizations for thoughts and theories. They can work out jobs and do determinations by happening solutions to inquiries and jobs. Peoples with a Converging acquisition manner are more attracted to proficient undertakings and jobs than societal or interpersonal issues. A Converging acquisition manner enables high-quality and engineering abilities. Peoples with a Converging manner like to prove with new thoughts, to imitate, and to work with practical applications. The Accommodating acquisition manner is ‘hands-on ‘ , and relies on perceptual experience instead than logic. These people use other people ‘s analysis, and prefer to take a practical, experiential attack. They are attracted to new challenges and experiences, and to transporting out programs. They normally act on ‘gut ‘ inherent aptitude instead than logical analysis. Peoples with an Suiting acquisition manner will be given to trust on others for information than carry out their ain analysis. This learning manner is common and utile in functions necessitating action and enterprise. Peoples with an Suiting acquisition manner prefer to work in squads to finish undertakings. They set marks and actively work in the field seeking different ways to accomplish an aim. Peoples who like prefer to utilize an ‘Accommodating ‘ learning manner are likely to go defeated if they are forced to read tonss of instructions and regulations, and are unable to acquire custodies on experience every bit shortly as possible. However most people clearly display clear strong penchants for a given acquisition manner. The ability to utilize or ‘switch between ‘ different manners is non one that we should presume comes easy or of course to many people. Basically, people who have a clear acquisition manner penchant, for whatever ground, will be given to larn more efficaciously if acquisition is orientated harmonizing to their penchant. Honey and Mumford acquisition manners Honey and Mumford ( 1982 ) have built a typology of Learning Styles around this rhythm, placing single penchants for each phase ( Activist, Reflector, Theorist, and Pragmatist severally ) ; Kolb besides has a trial instrument ( the Learning Style Inventory ) but has carried it farther by associating the procedure besides to signifiers of cognition. Anonymous, ( 2010 ) There are four features of larning manners, Militant Theorist Pragmatist Reflector Militants involve themselves wholly and without unfairness in new experiences. They enjoy the here and now, and are happy to be dominated by immediate experiences. They are open-minded, non discrediting, and this tends to do them excited about anything new. Their doctrine is: â€Å" I ‘ll seek anything one time † . They tend to move first and see the effects afterwards. Their yearss are filled with activity. They tackle jobs by brainstorming. Equally shortly as the stimulation from one activity has died down they are busy looking for the following. They tend to increase on the challenge of new experiences but are bored with execution and longer term consolidation. They are gregarious people invariably affecting themselves with others but, in making so ; they seek to center all activities on themselves. For an illustration, those people who learn by making. Militants need to acquire their custodies dirty, to plunge in with both pess foremost. Have an open-minded attack to acquisition, affecting themselves to the full and without prejudices in new experiences. Brainstorming job resolution, group treatment, competitions and function drama, these are the activities of Militants. Theorists adapt and combine observations into complex but logically sound theories. They think jobs through in a perpendicular, bit-by-bit logical manner. They learn disparate facts into logical theories. They tend to be perfectionists who wo n't rest easy until things are tidy and fit into a normal proposal. They like to analyze and unite. They are acute on basic premises, rules, theories theoretical accounts and systems believing. Their doctrine awards reason and logic. â€Å" If it ‘s logical it ‘s good. † Questions they often ask are: â€Å" Does it do sense? † â€Å" How does this tantrum with that? † â€Å" What are the basic premises? † They tend to be detached, analytical and dedicated to rational objectiveness instead than anything subjective or equivocal. Their attack to jobs is systematically logical. This is their ‘mental set ‘ and they stiffly reject anything that does n't suit with it. They prefer to maximise certainty and experience uncomfortable with subjective judgements, sidelong thought and anything light-minded. For an illustration, scholars like to understand the theory behind the actions. They need theoretical accounts, constructs and facts in order to prosecute in the acquisition procedure. Prefer to analyze and synthesise, pulling new information into a systematic and logical ‘theory ‘ . Pragmatists are acute on seeking out thoughts, theories and techniques to see if they work in pattern. They positively search out new thoughts and take the first chance to research with applications. They are the kind of people who return from classs full with new thoughts that they want to seek out in pattern. They like to acquire on with things and act rapidly and confidently on thoughts that attract them. They tend to be impatient with ruminating and open-ended treatments. They are basically practical, down to earth people who like doing practical determinations and work outing jobs. They respond to jobs and chances ‘as a challenge ‘ . Their doctrine is â€Å" There is ever a better manner † and â€Å" If it works its good † . For an illustration, people need to be able to see how to set the acquisition into pattern in the existent universe. Abstract constructs and games are of limited usage unless they can see a manner to set the thoughts into action in their lives. Experimenters, seeking out new thoughts, theories and techniques to see if they work Reflector like to stand back to chew over experiences and detect them from many different positions. They collect informations, both first manus and from others, and prefer to believe about it carefully before coming to a decision. The thorough aggregation and analysis of informations about experiences and events is what counts so they tend to reschedule making unequivocal decisions for every bit long as possible. Their doctrine is to be careful. They are thoughtful people who like to see all possible angles and deductions before doing a move. They prefer to take a back place in meetings and treatments. They enjoy detecting other people in action. They listen to others and acquire the impetus of the treatment before doing their ain points. They tend to follow a low profile and have a somewhat distant, tolerant relaxed air about them. When they act it is portion of a broad image which includes the yesteryear every bit good as the present and others ‘ observations every bit good as their ain. For an illustration, people learn by detecting and believing about what happened. They may avoid jumping in and prefer to watch from the out of boundss. Prefer to stand back and position experiences from a figure of different positions, roll uping informations and taking the clip to work towards an appropriate decision.Learning TheoriesThe Behaviorist Approach Some of our acquisition comes approximately as a response to a stimulation. We are larning from our detectors. We react to something outside ourselves. If the consequence is good for us, we learn to respond in similar manner in a similar state of affairs, while if the consequence is bad, we learn non to make that once more. This is the basic thought of the Behaviorist Approach which can be traced back to the work of Pavlov ( 1927 ) who taught Canis familiariss to salivate at the sound of a bell. Behaviorist dressed ores on modifying behaviour by support. Behavior that is seen as positive or good is reinforced by wagess. For an illustration auto insurance is reduced if you do non do a claim. Most people have experienced both positive and negative support. We can see that behaviourist larning theories have their strengths. However, this attack to acquisition has been critized as mechanistic and be givening to concentrate merely on certain behaviour. There is grounds to propose that support may necessitate changeless topping-up to stay effectual. Anonymous, ( 2010 ) The Cognitive Approach If some of our acquisition is reactive, some acquisition can besides be described as positive. That is we seek out information and attempt to do sense of it in order to understand better our universe and our topographic point in it. This is the footing of cognitive theories of acquisition, which make usage of the work of research workers such as Kohler ( 1925 ) and Piaget ( 1950 ) . Kohler worked with apes and Piaget concentrated on kid development, but their consequences have been applied more widely. For the cognitive, the cardinal characteristic of human existences for acquisition is that we are intelligent searchers. Harmonizing to cognitive attacks, we invariably find that our experience of the universe does non rather fit the manner we see the universe, and we try to make something about the misfit. We seek new information, we adjust our position of the universe, and we may make a new manner of seeing the universe. There are clear connexions here with some of the elements we noted earlier in the different phases of the acquisition procedure. The Social Learning Approach The societal acquisition theory proposed by Albert Bandura has become possibly the most of import theory of larning and development. While ingrained in many of the basic constructs of traditional acquisition theory, Bandura believed that direct support could non account for all types of acquisition. His theory added a societal component, reasoning that people can larn new information and behaviours by watching other people. Known as experimental acquisition ( or patterning ) , this type of acquisition can be used to explicate a broad assortment of behaviours. Psychology, ( 2010 ) Basic Social Learning Concepts 1. Peoples can larn through observation. Observational Learning In his celebrated â€Å" Bobo doll † surveies, Bandura established that kids learn and reproduce behaviours they have observed in other people. The kids in Bandura ‘s surveies observed an grownup moving sharply toward a Bobo doll. When the kids were subsequently allowed to play in a room with the Bobo doll, they began to reproduce the aggressive actions they had antecedently observed. Bandura identified three basic theoretical accounts of experimental acquisition: A unrecorded theoretical account, which involves an existent single representative or moving out a behaviour. A verbal instructional theoretical account, which involves descriptions and accounts of a behaviour. A symbolic theoretical account, which involves existent or fictional characters exposing behaviours in books, movies, telecasting plans, or on-line media. 2. Mental provinces are of import to larning. Intrinsic Support Bandura noted that external, environmental support was non the lone factor to act upon acquisition and behaviour. He described indispensable support as a signifier of internal wages, such as pride, satisfaction, and a sense of achievement. This accent on internal ideas and knowledges helps link larning theories to cognitive developmental theories. While many text editions place societal larning theory with behavioural theories, Bandura himself describes his attack as a ‘social cognitive theory. ‘ 3. Learning does non needfully take to a alteration in behaviour. While behaviourists believed that larning led to a lasting alteration in behaviour, experimental acquisition demonstrates that people can larn new information without showing new behaviours. The Modeling Procedure Not all observed behaviours are efficaciously learned. Factors affecting both the theoretical account and the scholar can play a function in whether societal acquisition is successful. Certain demands and stairss must besides be followed. The undermentioned stairss are involved in the experimental acquisition and patterning procedure:Attention:In order to larn, you need to be paying attending. Anything that detracts your attending is traveling to hold a negative consequence on experimental acquisition. If the theoretical account interesting or there is a fresh facet to the state of affairs, you are far more likely to give your full attending to acquisition.Retention:The ability to hive away information is besides an of import portion of the acquisition procedure. Retention can be affected by a figure of factors, but the ability to draw up information subsequently and move on it is critical to experimental acquisition.Reproduction:Once you have paid attending to the theoretical accoun t and retained the information, it is clip to really execute the behaviour you observed. Further pattern of the erudite behaviour leads to betterment and skill promotion.Motivation:Finally, in order for experimental acquisition to be successful, you have to be motivated to copy the behaviour that has been modeled. Support and penalty play an of import function in motive. While sing these incentives can be extremely effectual, so can detecting other experience some type of support or penalty. For illustration, if you see another pupil rewarded with excess recognition for being to category on clip, you might get down to demo up a few proceedingss early each twenty-four hours. Psychology, ( 2010 )Learning CurveA acquisition curve is a graphical representation of the altering rate of acquisition ( in the mean individual ) for a given activity or tool. Normally, the addition in keeping of information is sharpest after the primary efforts, and so on a regular basis evens out, intending th at less and less new information is retained after each duplicate. The larning curve can besides stand for at a glimpse the initial trouble of larning something and, to an extent, how much there is to larn after early cognition. For illustration, the Windows plan Notepad is highly simple to larn, but offers little after this. On the other extreme is the UNIX terminus editor VI, which is hard to larn, but offers a broad array of characteristics to get the hang after the user has figured out how to work it. It is possible for something to be easy to larn, but hard to get the hang or hard to larn with small beyond this. Wikipedia, ( 2010 )

Class and Its Derivatives

Class and Its Derivatives Class and Its Derivatives Class and Its Derivatives By Mark Nichol The Latin noun classis, meaning â€Å"category† or â€Å"fleet† or referring to a group of citizens called up for military duty, is the source of the word class and others derived from it, which are listed and defined in this post. In educational contexts, class pertains to a group of students (whether those enrolled in a particular course or in the same grade level), a course of instruction, or a meeting of such a course. In a socioeconomic sense, it refers to a stratum of social standing, in science it denotes a level of organization of living things, and in general it refers to a category. The verb class, meaning â€Å"categorize,† is used in the scientific and general senses, and the word serves as an adjective, including in the idiom â€Å"class act,† which offers an additional meaning equivalent to the adjective classy, meaning â€Å"elegant,† â€Å"refined,† â€Å"skillful,† or â€Å"well mannered.† The adjectives first-class and second-class literally pertain to a high and a moderate quality of accommodations during travel, respectively, and figuratively denote superiority and inferiority, respectively. (High-class and low-class are equivalent to the latter meanings.) The nouns â€Å"upper class† (pertaining to the affluent), â€Å"middle class† (those living a moderate lifestyle), and â€Å"lower class† (those with low incomes or none at all) also serve as adjectives. â€Å"Leisure class† refers to people wealthy enough that they are not required to work for a living. â€Å"Working class† describes people employed in jobs that do not necessarily require higher education as an employment qualification. (Underclass is similar in meaning.) The pejorative, condescending expression â€Å"chattering classes† alludes to political opponents who utter what are considered meaningless opinions. Terms related to education with the root class include classmate, referring to one enrolled in the same course or grade level, and classroom, denoting a room used for instruction. An upperclassman is a student in one of the two higher grade levels in secondary or postsecondary education (often identified as a junior or senior), and an underclassman has a standing in one of the two lower levels (a freshman or a sophomore.) (The female equivalents upperclasswoman and underclasswoman are rare.) Several terms based on class allude to a high quality of artistic achievement. Classic, as a noun or an adjective, alludes to something authoritative or typical, or long considered an exemplar of great achievement or high quality, though by extension it now describes anything memorable, even if merely because it is highly amusing or ironic. (â€Å"Did you see her trip and fall into her wedding cake? That was classic!†) â€Å"The classics† describes either the extant works of celebrated Greek and Roman writers or a nebulous body of more recent literature that those who claim to be erudite should be acquainted with. A style of architecture or art, including literature, that calls to mind the characteristics of corollary Greek or Roman achievements is referred to as classicism. Neoclassicism is an esthetic form influenced by classicism, and postclassicism denotes one that follows a period understood to be one of classicism. (The adjectival forms are classical, neoclassical, and postclassical.) Classical music is a form of sophisticated musical expression as distinct from simpler music such as folk or jazz. In terms of quality or social strata, other words derived from class include classism, meaning â€Å"discrimination based on class,† as well as classless, which can refer either to a lack of sophistication thought to be the result of being raised in an inferior class (dà ©classà © is a synonym for this sense adopted directly from French) or to someone who lives outside of class-based strictures or to freedom from class distinctions. Words pertaining to categorization include the verb classify and the adjective classified, which simply means â€Å"arrange into classes† but is also part of the standing phrase â€Å"classified ads† (sometimes truncated to â€Å"classifieds), which refers to advertisements divided into categories; the adjective also describes something categorized as being of restricted to a certain audience, such as a government document. Something that can be classified is classifiable, and classificatory describes something pertaining to classification. To outclass is to outperform someone considered to be in the same class, and a subclass is a further division of a category. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Creative Writing 101Top 11 Writing Apps for iOS (iPhone and iPad)â€Å"Least,† â€Å"Less,† â€Å"More,† and â€Å"Most†

Informative Abstract Example Essays

Informative Abstract Example Essays Informative Abstract Example Paper Informative Abstract Example Paper Essay Topic: Informative Ronnie Green Informative Abstract June 28, 2011 Image gap is the difference between how a person wants to look and sound compared to how they are actually viewed by others. Projecting your desired image can build trust and is critical to successful communication. Projecting an inappropriate image, however, can erode trust and cause others to doubt your abilities. Four components of your overall image are your projected first impression, your depth of knowledge, your breadth of knowledge, and your enthusiasm. Your projected first impression is the initial impact you make on another person due to your dress, voice, grooming, handshake, eye contact, and body language. First impressions tend to be long lasting and difficult to overcome. To create a positive first impression, you should have a firm but not overpowering handshake. Sit and walk in a straight yet relaxed manner. Maintain high standards of personal hygiene and grooming. Speak clearly while naturally varying your tone and volume. Finally, dress appropriately for your job responsibilities and work environment since skillful dressing can evoke positive responses to your personality. Depth of knowledge refers to how well you know your area of expertise. Demonstrating your depth of knowledge can project credibility and demand respect. You can develop depth of knowledge by studying company policies and industry standards. You can also take advantage of training programs offered by your company. Breadth of knowledge reflects your ability to communicate with others on topics outside your area of expertise. Breadth of knowledge allows you to more easily develop rapport with others. It will also allow you to increase your circle of influence with various types of people. You can increase your breadth of knowledge by reading a variety of books and magazines, watching and listening to a diverse selection of television and radio programs, and interacting with a wide array of individuals. If you encounter a person whose interests you are not familiar with, you can quickly gain knowledge and show interest by asking questions. An appropriate level of enthusiasm demonstrates your sincere interest in a subject and desire to accomplish a task. Enthusiastic people tend to work harder, longer, and more accurately than those who are not enthusiastic. Additionally, your enthusiasm, positive or negative, will spread to those around you. These elements help dictate the response you receive from others in everyday interactions. A positive response demonstrates successful interpersonal relations. It will also foster open, honest, and trusting communications.