Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Sociological Concepts And Contemporary Concerns - 2748 Words

ASSIGNMENT ON SOCIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS AND CONTEMPORARY CONCERNS PAPER: 6102 SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS ARE UNIVERSAL AND SO IS DEVIANCE IN THESE INSTITUTIONS. CRITICALLY ANALYZE THE STATEMENT IN LIGHT OF DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES AND YOUR PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. ___ Submitted To: Submitted By: Dr. NeenaPandey AshvinaBasnet Dr. PushpanjaliJha ID No- SOCW 4490 Dr. MayuriGogoi Delhi School of Social Work University of Delhi SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS ARE UNIVERSAL AND SO IS DEVIANCE IN THESE INSTITUTIONS. CRITICALLY ANALYZE THE STATEMENT IN LIGHT OF DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES AND YOUR PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. I am here in this stage because of the things I have experienced and learnt in my life. The things that I have experienced in my life, where do you think I learnt it from? The answer to my question would be from the society I live in. How would our lives have been different if we were to be taken out of our present social structures and put in isolation? The answer to this question is very complex as it is not really possible to imagine a person in total isolation from the society as some or the other forms of social laws and order are always in play and dictate the way we behave. INSTITUTIONS The term â€Å"institution† is commonly applied to customs and behavior patterns important to a society, as same as to particular formal organizations of government and public services. Institutions are structures and mechanism of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of a setShow MoreRelatedContemporary Theory: Stratification Essay examples1245 Words   |  5 PagesA major concern of modern-day theory would be the impacts of stratification within society. Social stratification is defined as the â€Å"hierarchical or vertical division of society according to rank, caste, or class† (Dictionary.com 2014). Social stratification can be operationally defined â€Å"as the systematically unequal distribution of power, wealth, and status (Bowles 2013; Kerbo 2000). Stratification sets up that all known societies past and present â€Å"distribute its scarce and demanded goods and servicesRead MoreThe Changing Meanings Of Religion975 Words   |  4 PagesThe rese arch article: The changing meanings of religion. Sociological theories of religion in the perspective of the last 100 years was written by Irena Borowik and published on March 2011. The purpose of this article is to discuss the conceptual framework for defining religion from a sociological perspective. The target population the article is geared towards is†¦... Borowik begins the article by talking about how the views on religion were diverse due to the fast-changing society in the secondRead MoreThe Theory Of The Leisure Class Essay1367 Words   |  6 Pagesconspicuous consumption as a function of both social class and consumerism. It is derived from the social stratification of people and the division of labor, which are the social institutions of the feudal period up until to the modern era. The theme in sociological and economical thinking is the social stratification of tribal and feudal societies upon social and economic utility. To Veblen, the rise of a conspicuously consuming leisure class wasn’t a sign of progress. It was a relic of barbarism, an evolutionaryRead MoreWhat Can We Do? Becoming Part Of The Solution1619 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sociological Imagination is a concept first used by a well-known sociologist, C. Wright Mills, in 1959. In Mills article, The Promise, indicates that, The sociological imagination enables its possessor to understand the larger historical scene in terms of its meaning for the inner life and the external career of a variety of individuals(Mills, 3). Sociological imagination helps individuals to contemplate their own troubles in a deeper level and view their daily routines in an entirelyRead MoreRobert Nisbets Understanding of the Ideas of Emile Durkheim1519 Words   |  6 Pagescollective concepts and entities in sociolo gy were self-evident since all individuals were born into them, although he also believed in individual free will and moral choice. Durkheim was never particularly interested in studying history in detail, however, as Karl Marx did in many of his books or Max Weber in his most famous work The Protestant Ethic. 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Initially, his focus was society as a whole, later he brought his attention to examining rituals and interactions of people in face-to-face contact. Durkheim’s main concern was to analyze how societies could maintain their integrity and coherence in the modern era, when things such as shared religious and ethnic background could no longer be assumed. In response to this concern, he wrote greatly aboutRead MoreThe Moral Principles Of Ethics1352 Words   |  6 PagesEthics is one of the oldest and most influential human behavior. Ethics governs the self’s moral principle and values and even religious views. The source of moral and ethical views is a critical question in the study of Contemporary sociological theory. Philosophers has studied and attempted to answer how and where the self’s moral principle generated from. Ethics has been one of the strongest foundation of social structure. Many society developed and structured their moral principle based on reasonRead MoreThe film The Hunger Games Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pagescloser look, The Hunger Games gives rise to multiple sociological patterns and themes. If one observes with an informed and critical eye, sociological issues that are embedded in the film are revealed. From this, one can draw cultural and sociological conclusions based on the way in which characters are portrayed, the setting is presented, and events unfold as the plot thick ens. As I watched this film, I took note of four particular sociological themes that consistently presented themselves throughoutRead MoreGoffman s Contributions On Structures Of Interaction1482 Words   |  6 Pagespublic identity versus the private self, the role of gender in society, and the study of public spaces have remained influential to our social interaction and institutional life. His naturalistic and sociological description makes him very easily accessible. Along with his use of metaphors in sociological theory, we get a clearer picture of how social interaction and institutional life are life. This essay will look at some of Goffman’s contributions on structures of interaction, self, experience and

Sunday, December 22, 2019

The Impact Of Ict On The Automotive Design And The...

Introduction This report will study the use of ICT (Information and Communication technology) in the Automotive Design and the manufacturing process ICT has become a fundamental part of engineering careers, thanks to software’s which help us to design, create, test, analyse, assembly and many other things, making the mass production of cars easier, more precise and faster. The most used and popular software’s in engineering are AutoCAD (Automatic Computer aided design) for precise dimension in drawing, BIM (Building information modelling), CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing), and CNC (Computer Numerical Control) This report will also analyse the types of mechanical machines used in the process of manufacturing of a car also known as co-operative or Collaborative robots, which are machines that can work along with human. All of them, excluding one (Force regulated co-operative robot), must have an additional security feature, and we will analyse the features of this robot in a deeper way AutoCAD AutoCAD is a designing software used widely in many branches of engineering such as mechanical, civil and aeronautical engineering. Developed by AutoDesk, Inc. AutoCAD mainly helps us to design cars [Fig.1], buildings, planes, and almost any other object you can think of. Since its release to the public in 1982 AutoCAD has become one of the most recognized and used designing software; Now days we can get AutoCAD monthly subscription for the price of  £222.00 In 2010Show MoreRelatedCase Study : General Motors Company1826 Words   |  8 PagesICT 4010-ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE CASE STUDY 01 GENERAL MOTORS BY CHANDAN BANDI UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY OF DENVER INSTRUCTOR: EDWARD G. LEWIS BACKGROUND General Motors Company which is commonly known as GM, is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit, Michigan that designs, manufactures, markets and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts and sells financial services. General Motors was founded by William â€Å"Billy† Durant on September 16, 1908. Durant hadRead MoreProcurement Of The Automotive Industry4554 Words   |  19 Pages Abstract The automotive industry is one of the largest industrial sectors in the world. This industry leads all other industries in research and development investments and its level of productivity is well above average. Changes in the economic and competitive environments over the past decades have resulted in new ways of thinking within companies resulting into many changes in the function of Purchasing. Therefore, the endorsement of procurement has gained an increasingly greater importanceRead MoreEngagement and Innovation: the Honda Case7781 Words   |  32 Pages Ontario, Canada Abstract Purpose – Research and development (RD) plays a signiï ¬ cant role in creating and sustaining technological leadership. This paper aims to look at the extent to which RD interventions stimulate innovation engagement. Design/methodology/approach – This paper examines, in the main, secondary data sources from Honda to assess the extent to which RD-enabled plants enjoy both enhanced innovatory potential and employee engagement. Findings – Initial indications point toRead MoreLogistics Service Quality: A New Way of Loyalty8921 Words   |  36 Pagesin the logistic service delivery context, with the purpose of considering the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in this chain of effects. Design/methodology/approach – After reviewing the different approaches given by the literature, SEM analysis is used to contrast the hypotheses for the analyzed constructs in the presence of high/low ICT level. A questionnaire based on personal survey was conducted among manufacturers. The study collected data from 194 companies. StructuralRead MoreDigital India2389 Words   |  10 PagesThe Programme: ï‚ § ï‚ § ï‚ § ï‚ § Pulls together many existing schemes. These schemes will be restructured and re-focused. They will be implemented in a synchronized manner. Many elements are only process improvements with minimal cost. ï‚ § The common branding of programmes as Digital India highlights their transformative impact. 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In this aspect, the production output is primarily the key factor in the profit generation of the business as their output serves as their revenue. In the accounting perspective, generation of revenue through using the invested resources of theRead MoreSaab Strategy Report16680 Words   |  67 Pagesstrategy is based on some of the company’s strongest resources, the Brand, technology and expertise in design. This is particularly important as the industry’s leading force is the Industry Rivalry and the company needs to stand out amongst the plethora of models and manufacturers. The company’s competitive advantage rests upon its potential to differentiate from rivals based on their Swedish design, technology and aviation roots. Lastly, the competitive advantage is on e of differentiation and is foundRead MoreLogistics, Management and Strategy7872 Words   |  32 Pagescompetitive advantages can be gained. Different ways of competing through logistics will be examined as well as the management and strategies that need to be implemented in order for the whole supply chain to work. It is not only about machines and process but includes people and relationships that need to be managed as well. Where logistic management has often been in the shadow of an organization, this paper will provide knowledge on how important a functional logistic operations is for the firm‟s

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Indigenous Australian Health And Culture Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(105) " consistent battle and partnership between community and authorities † \( NTER reexamine 2008 \) \." The ‘Little Children are Sacred ‘ study was released in 2007 following a twelvemonth long enquiry into studies of sexual maltreatment in Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory. The study made 97 recommendations to better the wellness and well-being of Autochthonal people. The federal and province authoritiess responded within 2 hebdomads with what became known as the Northern Territory Emergency Response ( NTER ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Indigenous Australian Health And Culture Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now In a rushed move that lacked lucidity of aims, research and mensurable marks or foresight to sustainability ( Edmund Rice Centre for Justice and Community Education -ERC 2008:1 ) . Autochthonal Culture is diverse and hard to specify as each community is characterised by its ain civilizations, history, political relations and demographics ( Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation ) . The Australian Governments ain reappraisal into the NTER, the NTER reappraisal ( 2008 ) measured it ‘s actions affected 45,500 Aboriginal people in over 500 communities, so it is inevitable a â€Å" one size fits all attack † ( ERC 2008 ) non be a sensible solution to the issues across the Northern Territory. â€Å" There is uncontentious support from the Autochthonal communities for a decrease in intoxicant related force, quality lodging, improved wellness and well-being, instruction and employment † ( NTER reappraisal, 2008 ) , nevertheless there is a sense of unfairness that Aboriginal people feel, being that their civilization is responsible instead than the actions of consecutive authoritiess failure to adequately supply sufficient substructure and resources. The Federal and State Governments acted on the substantiated grounds from the Small Children are Sacred study and there is no denial that action was required. The combined study from the Department of Health and Ageing and Australian Institute of Health and Welfare revealed a figure of wellness concerns ; 40 % of kids had untreated dental cavities, 38 % had perennial thorax infections, and 31 % skin conditions. Alarmingly, sing the high figure of infant deceases in Autochthonal people, 71 % of babies were found to be at hazard of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome due to bed sharing, exposure to tobacco fume and inappropriate bedclothes. Sadly though, due to the deficiency of grounds based wellness betterment schemes introduced during the intercession, long term heals ends are yet to be achieved ( Bacon, Nash, Fowler and Sorenson 2010 ) . The Government offers advancement studies on how they are shuting the spread but a comparing to the Small Children are Sacred study shows that small has really been achieved. Whilst they have appointed Dr Howard Bath as Children ‘s Commissioner ( recommendation 9 ) , the enterprises for kid protection are still either impermanent steps or waiting for funding allotment or legislative alterations. ( Northern Territory Government 2008:7 ) . Likewise, the pressing demand for better lodging and â€Å" critical mass building † ( Wild A ; Anderson 2007 ) to alleviate overcrowding has amounted to 3 houses for autochthonal households and 19 places for Government employees ( recommendation 84 ) . Clearly this does non run into the demand identified and the $ 647 million allocate d to remote lodging must be utilised as a affair of urgency ( Northern Territory Government 2008 p.17 ) . Australia is reportable to the International Covenant on economic, societal and cultural rights which states the ‘right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest come-at-able criterion of physical and mental wellness ‘ ( Couzos and Theile, 2007 ) . Further more, the authorities is to supply ‘sufficient resources to guarantee wellness services are available, accessible, low-cost, acceptable and of good quality ‘ ( p.522 ) . It is unacceptable so that the authorities can non work out a wellness crisis impacting less than 3 % of its population ( Webb, 2010 ) . A Western Australian Inquiry from 2002 proved success from such intercessions comes from â€Å" culturally relevant plans, staffed and managed by their ain communities † ( Gordon, Hallahan A ; Henry 2002:388 ) and deficient co-involvement reinforces the belief of authorities control over their lives and intensifying exposure and impotence. Legislation passed at the clip allowed for the remotion of the license system to, and compulsorily acquisition of, autochthonal land, enforced English speech production in category suites, removed the Community Development Employment System ( CDES ) , quarantined 50 % of public assistance payments and implemented compulsory wellness cheques for kids ( Creative Spirits 2010 ) . This was achieved without audience with the autochthonal communities and enforced with a ferociousness reminiscent to colonial times, distributing fright and favoritism. In the words of Aboriginal Elder Yingiya Guyula from Darwin, NT, â€Å" We urgently need the white governments, federal every bit good as Northern Territory, to come and speak to us at the community degree † . Possibly if this had been the instance the people involved may hold been more unfastened to communicating and action. The execution of public assistance quarantining causes shame and humiliation to all who are affected and is non a necessary step for most people. In fact, it causes more jobs as people now need to go long distances at a immense fiscal and clip load, to shop at major mercantile establishments alternatively of back uping local shops ( Eatock 2008:12 ) . The embarrassment of utilizing a centrelink rudimentss card reveals the shoppers income position and is evocative of the ration system from the clip of colony, â€Å" taking societal security policy backwards † ( Australian Council of Social Service ) . The issue of favoritism and the wide generalization that the hapless behavior of some are displayed by all is affecting. It is known that intoxicant is a conducive factor to criminal behaviors such as force, assault and disregard, nevertheless since autochthonal people are 12 % less likely to be regular consumers of intoxicant than not autochthonal people ( Gray A ; Saggers 2002: 115 ) , the job can be more right attributed to the deficiency of resources and funding spent in the country of instruction, bar and rehabilitation. Couzos and Theile suggest that overall wellness coverage costs for autochthonal people are well less that all other Australian citizens, and in fact have a medicare outgo of merely over a 3rd of that for not autochthonal people ( 2007:522 ) . The Government could hold achieved so much more through common coaction. In their ain response in hind sight, it was identified that long term solutions could â€Å" merely be achieved through consistent battle and partnership between community and authorities † ( NTER reexamine 2008 ) . You read "Indigenous Australian Health And Culture Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" This sentiment was mirrored by Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islands Social Justice Commissioner Mick Gooda who believes community battle is cardinal to guaranting services are â€Å" delivered and developed suitably † and funding be targeted to greatest demands ( Human Rights Commission 2010 ) . Sing autochthonal people have a rate of morbidity of disease, and societal, educational and economic disadvantage at 3 times the rate of their non autochthonal opposite numbers ( Couzos A ; Theile 2007:523 ) and because of the unjust distribution of primary wellness attention services and marginalization in rural and distant Australia, the biomedical attack to wellness is non culturally competent in these countries ( Langton cited in Gray A ; Saggers 2002 ) nor does it cover the holistic model now favoured in order to embrace the dimensions of wellness that are experienced in Autochthonal people, that cover the single, households and whole communities ( Besserab 2000:85 ) . The response to the NTER has been widely and aloud voiced by community members, non for net income administrations, Aboriginal rights groups, wellness organic structures and authorities bureaus. The general reaction has been one of choler for the blazing Acts of the Apostless of favoritism and neglect for human rights. The senate standing commission on community personal businesss said the Government was evidently cognizant that the NTER was outside the jurisprudence or it would non hold suspended the Racial Discrimination Act and that as such the unity of citizenship was lost rendering autochthonal people â€Å" no longer equal before the jurisprudence † ( 2010 ) . Further more, Peter Robson claims the statute law that enabled the intercession was a signifier of â€Å" corporate penalty † ( Green Left Weekly 2008:13 ) for autochthonal people. It is apprehensible that feelings of eviction, choler and isolation would be heightened along with a sense of history repetition. The mandatory acquisition of land is a peculiarly sensitive country due to the battle to win back native rubric. Of importance though is the Rudd authorities ‘s agreement to interchange support for wellness, lodging and instruction in exchange for land ( ERC 2008:5 ) . This is evidently non the instance for other Australians and represents unjust trade patterns. Aboriginal Rights Coalitions called for an â€Å" immediate terminal to the prejudiced statute law † ( Robson 2008:13 ) . Amnesty International have reported on the lodgment by Aboriginal communities to the United Nations for pressing action for breach of rights to â€Å" audience, consent and engagement † ( 2009 ) believing Australia is non run intoing its duties under the International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination. It is easy to look back and justice the action of the NTER, and if the administrative officials had merely taken the clip to be after before implementing their actions, better determinations may hold been made. Assessing old intercessions elsewhere is Australia for illustration may hold given them better thoughts on how to outdo do it work. An illustration of a good undertaking is the Looma Healthy Lifestyle undertaking intercession in Queensland ( Clapham, K, O’Dea, K, A ; Chenhall, R 2007: 275-278 ) . Faced with epidemics of diabetes and bosom disease, clip was spent developing local people from the community to take messages into the schools to advance healthier life style and better nutrition to the younger coevalss, promoting athleticss and diversion, implementing breakfast plans and doing all public countries smoke free. The local store was taken over by autochthonal people, giving more control back to the people and the consequence was healthier nutrients such as fresh fruit and vegetable and better oils for sale. The intercession proved a success through records of lower cholesterin degrees, lower blood force per unit area and less incidence of bosom disease, although diabetes degrees remained unchanged in the short term. Although on a different graduated table to the NTER, this shows how coaction and instruction can accomplish more than hurried aggressive authorities controlled enterprises. There are other illustrations of community enterprises that have brought about alteration and hope across Australia every bit good as reappraisals of old intercessions that have been successful and non successful, and the NTER may hold had a different response if the grounds had been considered and managed before hotfooting in from a top heavy attack. The 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion ( WHO ) is an illustration of researched, proved grounds that societal attacks to intervention through community development, capacity edifice and authorization are a more humane and sustainable system for alteration. The inquiry of support is a ambitious issue. The first twelvemonth cost about $ 88 million ( ERC 2008:3 ) and what this money really achieved is problematic. In that first 12 months the incidence of substance maltreatment and baccy and debris nutrient ingestion increased and school attending remained inactive ( NTER Review 2008 ) . On top of this, no grounds of paedophile rings were found in the Northern Territory, and less than 1 % of kids examined were referred to child protective services. 40 % of the kids carried treatable diseases, all of which are normally associated with poorness ( Robson 2008:13 ) . One would believe that the graduated table of morbidities found during compulsory wellness cheques for auditory, dental and parasitic diseases for illustration would justify the pressing and unrestricted arrangement of primary wellness services such as child wellness nurses in all communities. Further more, if such services had been in topographic point antecedently the degree of disregard would non hold reached such critical degrees. Surely the fiscal cost of supplying wellness and societal services on a long term footing would hold outweighed the billion dollar disbursals that achieved little over an intense period. The Federal Governments ‘Stronger Families Fund ‘ in Western Australia was a committedness of $ 20 million over a 4 twelvemonth period and created a Centre for kids to travel for nutrient, instruction, diversion and wellness demands, and it was supported by the autochthonal community who were empowered and strengthened by the mending relationships procedure ( Gordon, Hallahan A ; Henry 2002:402-403 ) . The Edmund Rice Centre ‘s ‘Grass roots ‘ plan trialled in Goodooga in NSW really required no support. The purpose was to convey the community together, increase instruction results for kids and base on balls on civilization and was based on conveying parents and grandparents into the schoolrooms to go through on their cognition and experience and giving control to the community ( ERC 2008:6 ) . The $ 800 million committed to community safety, reconstructing communities and undertaking kid maltreatment as promised by the Rudd Government in 2009 is now bein g watched closely and critically ( FaHCSIA 2009 ) . Another scheme to come out of the ‘Little Children are Sacred ‘ study and has gained Autochthonal support and blessing from many in the legal sphere is offender rehabilitation ( Recommendations 36-40 A ; 72 ) . In a move to recognize Aboriginal traditional jurisprudence, maintain households together and supply and ‘effective option to condemnable justness ‘ ( Gordon, Hallahan A ; Henry 2002:394 ) , it has been recommended the authorities expression into condemning that â€Å" incorporates Aboriginal impressions of justness and rely less on tutelary sentencing † ( Wild A ; Anderson 2007:25 ) . This would return culturally relevant intercessions and advance a regard the community. Family duties have strong bonds and since there is a loss of assurance in white adult males policy, better results may be resolved by seting the burden back to the autochthonal groups and make a mutual regard. Aboriginal Magistrate Pat O’Shane believes if wrongdoers pa rticipate in plans to â€Å" construct self regard and mend their lives and relationships † ( Gordon, Hallahan A ; Henry 2002:394 ) , happier healthier communities will eventuate. To the job now of sustainability: It can be seen that short term holes that lack the proper support and evidenced based pattern and neglect to turn to the â€Å" implicit in societal determiners † ( Clapham, K, O’Dea, K, A ; Chenhall, R 2007:273 ) so length of service is hard to accomplish. Sustainability has been likened to ‘routinisation ‘ ( Clapham, K, O’Dea, K, A ; Chenhall, R 2007:273 ) , and in that regard no profound outcomes can be expected in the immediate hereafter, nevertheless the alterations can get down to be made now and the rippling will hopefully be positive. Of class support, engagement, employment, intersectoral relationships and services may non stretch between election rhythms and it is up to each authorities to perpetrate to seeing these issues through until equality is achieved for all Australians. The NTER reappraisal recognises that â€Å" you can non drive alteration into a community on the dorsum of a truck † ( 2008:58 ) . The hope of class is that no irreparable harm has occurred since 2007 that may hold set rapprochement back for a farther 200 old ages. This fright was spoken by an Aboriginal senior from the Djirrikaymirr people, Dr Djuniyini Gondarra, who said â€Å" the intercession has failed to better wellness and had in fact, intensified depression and loss of hope among Aboriginal people. † It is tragic to believe we may be responsible for farther eviction and wellness diminution on an already delicate population when our occupation was to assist and foster them to get the better of the events of the yesteryear. How to cite Indigenous Australian Health And Culture Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

Democracy and Political Theory-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: How does Lefort understand the formal distinction between monarchy (what he sometimes calls the ancient regime) and democracy? Answer: 1.Claude Lefort, a renowned philosopher of France was inspired by Cornelius Castoriadis and organised a communist conference in Paris in the year 1943. He was a professor of University at Sao Paulo and had introduced the theory of Totalitarian Enterprise (Lefort, 1988). He had made a difference in between the various stages of government and power. He has differentiated in between the democracy and monarchy. His theory of democracy is based on the concept of totalitarian and he has maintained the analysing process of USSR. He has characterised the concept of democracy as institutional conflict of the society and his concept of democracy has recognised the legitimate existence of divergent interest (Gashkov Rubtsova, 2017). According to Lefort, the power should not be confined in any specific individual, but it should be regularised and the people should get the option to elect their representative who will regulate the law for the interest of public. The concept of democracy has bee n introduced by this idea. He had raised his voice against the monarchical power and was of the view that the power should be confined in the hands of the majority. According to Dominique Colas, power comes from the people and belongs to no one." Lefort has considered democracy as beginning of a new era and accept modern as well as representative democracy but did not support the limited scope of democracy (Howard, 2016). He had pointed out certain characteristics of monarchy too and according to him, in the monarchical system, power has been confined in the hand of the king. Here the term power does not denote unlimited power. King was a mediator between God and mortals and work for the sovereignty of justice. The power of the king is unconditional and the people have no right to interfere in the power of the monarchy (Lefort, 2016). These statements made both the term different from their eternal meaning and power. In a democratic society, there is always a claim to understand the organisational law and development has been made and power does not limited in ones hand. However, in monarchical system, there is no concept of distribution of power. King holds the supreme power. This theory of democracy has helped to identify the modern feature and concept of democracy. The concept of the locus of power becomes an empty place and its implication: The term locus of power means psychological criteria that have been built in the mind of common people and they thought they have control over the events related to their life. This is a fundamental theory of democracy as the theory of democracy is based on the concept of power of the common people where the people will choose the members who will represent their necessities and legal protection (Breaugh et al., 2015). Lefort did not stated about the institution of power; he had support the nature and character of power. According to his view, if the power has been institutionalised, it will prevent the government to apply the power appropriately. Considering the nature of the monarchical power, he has stated that the locus of power becomes an empty place as people have no control over the power. Through his concept of democracy he has symbolises the impact of power in the society (Nsstrm, 2015). The concept of Lefort has certain implications on the modern democracy. The doctrine of separation of power was an essential character of democracy and according to Lefort, power should not be confined in the hand of an individual (Lefort, 1988). People should get the right to choose representative in order to secure them from any situation. Lefort did not support the concept of institution; according to him, the power should be free in nature. However, there are certain complexities in his theory. He has not clarified his statement on totalitarianism. He was against the confinement of power, but had not mentioned any specific types of democracy. However, the concept of modern democracy has been come from his idea and he has supported the idea of separation of power. References: Breaugh, M., Holman, C., Magnusson, R., Mazzocchi, P., Penner, D. (Eds.). (2015).Thinking Radical Democracy: The Return to Politics in Post-war France. University of Toronto Press. Gashkov, S., Rubtsova, M. V. (2017). Cornelius Castoriadis and Claude Lefort about the Soviet Union Manageability: Political and Educational Dilemmas of the Left wing.Dilemas Contemporneos: Educacin, Poltica y Valores,4(2). Howard, D. (2016). Claude Lefort: Elements for a Political Biography. InBetween Politics and Antipolitics(pp. 191-201). Palgrave Macmillan, New York. Lefort, C. (1988).Democracy and political theory. Polity Press. Lefort, C. (2016). ECONOMICS, CULTURE, AND THE POLITICAL.Politics and the Concept of the Political: The Political Imagination, 187. Nsstrm, S. (2015). Democratic representation beyond election.Constellations,22(1), 1-12.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Class Struggle During the Revolutionary War essays

Class Struggle During the Revolutionary War essays According to Howard Zinn, during the Revolutionary war, aside from the struggle between the Loyalists and the Colonists, there was also a large class struggle between the rich and the poor, that both affected, and was affected by the war. In America during the 18th century, 90 percent of the population was poor, and only 10 percent was rich and had large land holdings. Also, there were laws in most states that required office holders to own a minimum amount of land, therefore the richest 10 percent of the population controlled the government. Poor people recognized the injustice that they were being served, and considering that they could not do anything to change the laws, they found the one thing that the rich needed them for, and attempted to use it to their advantage. The general mood was to take no part in a war that seemed to have nothing for them (Zinn, 82). The poor felt that conditions weren't going to improve for them either way, so there was no point in risking their lives for the cause. The southern lower classes resisted being mobilized for the Revolution they saw themselves under the rule of a political elite, win or lose against the British (Zinn, 82). Because the poor were, for the most part impartial to the war, the colonists tried to pull them to their side by offering them land that was confiscated from the Loyalists, in return for their assistance. However, when the poor farmers obtained the land, they found themselves changing who they owed money to, instead of changing their financial situation. Although they now owed some land, they remained poor and in debt. The new freeholders found that they had stopped being tenants, but were now mortgagees, paying back loans from banks instead of rent to landlords (Zinn, 85). When the war was over, and the federalists had won, rich colonists had defiantly succeeded in their goal. Not only were they free from taxes imposed by the K...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Intellectual Disabilities and its categories Essay

Intellectual Disabilities and its categories - Essay Example The outcome is severe personality disorder followed by lack of communicational skills. Such patients possess attitude problem like speech disorder, mental disorder and are often tended towards what we call as 'roller coaster of thoughts'. However, the dilemma remains that this lifelong disease is responsible for conducting many suicidal behaviors, mood instabilities and frustration causing serious crime and is still not given that much attention as it supposed to be given. Siever et al describes Schizotypal disability as a disorder, which shares common phenomenological, genetic, biologic, outcome, and treatment response characteristics with more severely ill chronic schizophrenic patients. (Siever & Davis) However, at the same time, they are freer from the multiple artifacts that potentially confound research in schizophrenia including the effects of long-term and usually ongoing medication treatment, multiple hospitalizations or institutionalization, and prolonged functional impairment secondary to chronic psychosis and social deterioration. (Siever & Davis) Genetic Factors: Studies have shown that that if one person has schizophrenia, the chance for another person also sharing the disorder depends on the degree of genetic relatedness between them. For example if one twin has schizophrenia, the chance that the co-twin will also have schizophrenia is around 18% if they are non identical twins but 48% if they are identical twins as identical twins share 100% of their genes. (Rapee, 2001:22) Neurotransmitters/ Disconnection Syndrome: The biological models of schizophrenia emphasize neurochemical dysregulation or anatomical changes in the brain. The most widely disseminated and thoroughly developed biological theories include the neurotransmitter model. (Beebe, 2003) The cause of Schizophrenia is followed by one of the most widely accepted theory named "Dopamine Theory". This hypothesis states that schizophrenia can be understood in cognitive terms, as a failure of functional integration within the brain. Functional integration refers to the interactions of functionally specialised systems (i.e., populations of neurons, cortical areas and sub-areas) that are required for adaptive sensorimotor integration, perceptual synthesis and cognition. (Friston, 2002) According to this theory, most of the symptoms of schizophrenia are the result of having excessive levels of dopamine, especially in the mesolimbic pathways of the brain. (Carson & Sanislow, 1993) Several sources support this theory. First many of the drugs that are used to treat schizophrenia seem to work primarily by blocking certain dopamine receptors in the brain. Second certain drugs that have been found to increase levels of dopamine in the brain also produce symptoms that are very similar to those found in schizophrenia. An appropriate example is the

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Article Analysis Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Article Analysis - Lab Report Example According to the article the new generation of Americans is mainly theory Y because they do not feel the need to avoid work but rather they need something other than monetary gains to keep them going, they need praise and instant feed back which goes to show that they are motivated to work but the motivation needs to be pumped in the form of continuous praise. This is evident by the example cited in the article of the ‘scooter store’ which employees a ‘celebrations assistant’ with a job description of throwing confetti at employees and giving them hi fives at work and praising them for even minor achievements. The article discusses the labor market aspect of the external environment and it is obviously quite a major change because companies have to adapt to the needs of their employees with regards to every thing ranging from monetary issues to issues regarding their psychological health, this article discusses an issue that is some what not a regular one am ong the corporate world, it looks into the history of how the contemporary work force has been brought up and what their needs are in the corporate world, this obviously has very important ramifications. Companies have dealt with this change in various fashions, they have come up with ‘celebrations assistants’ whose job is to motivate employees by telling them what a great job they are doing, companies have also consulted ‘thank you gurus’ who help them by giving away innovative ideas to thank their employees which helps in a big way to motivate them, the article also highlights a very important point that the contemporary employee expects immediate feedback, if feed back is delayed then the employees think they haven’t been up to the mark and hence are disheartened. This obviously has a major effect on the culture of the corporate world because visible and invisible aspects both have to be targeted

Monday, November 18, 2019

Foundations of property (How useful is the idea of ownership to an Essay

Foundations of property (How useful is the idea of ownership to an understanding of property in law) - Essay Example He and his students turned the legal profession decisively towards the second. Hohfeld fired a barrage of influential arguments that sunk the old property is things conception within the legal profession.2 Hohfeld argued that lawyers had often been misled by the contrast between the rights in rem and rights in personam to think that property rights were actually rights "against things," which is absurd since practically all rights are against people. Hohfeld and his followers objected that regarding property as things leaves intellectual property unaccounted for. They also complained that regarding property as a thing led to a misplaced focus on physical possession of an object instead of on the complexes of rights that form the stuff of modern property law.3 And most importantly, Hohfeldian analysis was thought to give the fatal blow to property is things by proving it incapable of handling divided or multiple ownership. Bruce Ackerman describes the standard "divided control" object ion to property is things and the legal orthodoxy that formed around it: "Instead of defining the relationship between a person and 'his' things, property law discusses die relationships that arise between people with respect to things. More precisely, the law of property considers the way rights to things may be parceled out amongst a host of competing resource users."4 This thinking is pivotal for understanding the concept of property and ownership, their essences and characteristics. From the critical perspective, it is widely emphasised in literature that the property as concept can be easily confused with property-regarding actions. For instance, there is an evident the danger of confusing property with possession, which ideas are as different from each other as marriage and mating. Property and possession change can occur at the same time. For instance, there are cases where someone acquires a thing by taking hold of it and where a transfer is affected by something "changing hands," and where a person abandons property by letting it go. Yet changes in possession are neither necessary nor sufficient for changes in ownership, because property and possession have no necessary relation. A thief, for example, has possession but no property. As Bentham puts it, the relation that constitutes property "is not material, it is metaphysical": "a piece of stuff which is actually in the Indies may belong to me while the dress I wear may not. The aliment which is incorporated into my very body may belong to another, to whom I am bound to account for it."5 The property relation is not a physical relation between a person and a thing, but a normative (moral or legal) relationship between persons with respect to things. Property, unlike possession, is a matter of rights. One only loses track of the distinction sometimes because the two concepts frequently go together in everyday life. For instance, property and possession are easily conflated because possession is often conventionally or legally connected with the establishment of property rights. By laws, the first person to possess an unclaimed object usually (but not always) becomes the owner of the object; and a

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Soviet Montage Theory Film Essay

Soviet Montage Theory Film Essay Eisentein describe montage is one of the editing style of discontinuity in graphic qualities which means how the filmmakers combine together all the different shots sizes in different camera angle by using the editing suite with the force of powerful narrative. Eisenstein held that proper film continuity should not proceed smoothly,but through a series of shocks. Whenever possible, he tried to create some kind of visual conflict or discontinuity between two shots with the goal of creating a jolt in the spectators psyche. The visual explosions on the screen were intended to create a continual source of stimulants or shocks to keepthe audience wide awake. The dynamics of montage serve as impulses driving forward the total film,Eisentein wrote. Juxtaposition of shots of high visual contrast will create conflict in storyline. Besides, soviet montage can also create the dramatic impact that will broke all the rules of smooth, invisible editing of the Classical Hollywood style. As the result, this theory can make sure the visual could create the impact esspecialy to manipulate emotion of the audiences. This is because by using the technique of juxtaposed the shot, different scene or situation can be shown at the same time and at the different location. Sometime juxtaposed could become as a cross-cutting. In the film Perempuan, Isteri dan .. which directed by U-Wei Hj Shaari is one of the film that can be classify as the film that been using soviet montage theory in their editing. This theory that being used in their editing can be prove by looking at the scene A which the character of the husband cast by Nasir Bilal Khan was repairing the tyre of his lorry that explodes and replacing the tyre by using the spare tyre. Whereas in the scene B, the character of the wife cast by Sofia Jane were in the bush looks like doing something with another man. In the visual we could see the cutting point of the this two scenes actually happen in the same time but different location. We can see that through the editing technic, this film has manipulated audiences emotion. Realism is another technic of editing which being started by Andre Bazin. He was one of the influential French film critic and film theorist. In his perspective that film should try to view what is just related to reality because for him when watching a movie or a film we as the audiences should be shown the reality of the world. Just like he said, he depicted that what he saw as objective reality. We can see what is the meaning of objective reality is just same as documentaries and Italian-Neorealism school which the directors are usually invisible just like Howard Hawk. Besides, Bazin also have started and expand the meaning and the uses of deep focus, wide shot and the technic of shot-in-depth. In this era of Bazin theory of realism which being used by some of the directors such as Orson Welles and Jean Renoir are usually referred to true continuity that we can see through mise-en-scene which done by doing experiments in the editing process and visual effects. Through Bazins theor y, he try to emphasize how the cinema actually manipulate reality. Concerntrate more on objective reality, lack of montage and the using of deep focus are related to interpretation of a film or a scene that should be left to the spectator. This is to make sure that all of the people in the groups that watching the movie, understand and try to feel what is the director trying to share and tells the audiences through his film. Bazin also believe that film actually represent personal visions of the director which known as personalism. Furthermore, Bazin also known as appreciative criticism. Film which directed by arwah Yasmin Ahmad usually used the theory of Andre Bazin. In her film we can see that how he try to potray the reality in our real life and the reality that we see in the film through the lense of the camera looks like what we see and facing in the real life. As the example we can see through the film that directed by arwah Yasmin Ahmad Mukhsin in the scene where the main character Mukhsin was dreaming that he is flying when he sitting at the bench near the paddy field. For this scene, arwah Yasmin using a long take to view the beauty of the paddy field and also she try to show how long actually we as a human will take when we are dreaming and at the same time actually we imagine anything that may be we cannot do in our real life. Another example we can see in the film Gubra regarding to the scene that shows long take of a kampungs house. This technique such as long take being done with its own reason which the meaning is about showing the panoramic view of th e house and the kampung. Realism is about less editing in the film and it is focusing more on realistic aesthetic in film.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Corporal Punishment of Children Should be Banned Essay -- Spanking Chi

The term corporal punishment is defined as the use of physical force with the intention of causing a child to experience pain, but not injury, "for the purpose of correction or control of the child’s behavior" ("A Report" 18). In America, parents' use of corporal punishment in homes have been defined legally by the states as â€Å"encompassing ‘reasonable’ force with some states adding qualifiers that it must also be ‘appropriate’ (AL, AK, AZ, CA, CC), ‘moderate’ (AR, DE, SC, SD), or ‘necessary’ (MT, NH, NY, OR, TX, WI). Three states see the need to clarify that corporal punishment is limited to ‘nondeadly force’ (AK, NY, TX)† (Gershoff, "Corporal" 540). Currently, over 90% of US families report having used corporal punishment as a means of discipline at some time ("Physical"). Parental corporal punishment is usually restricted to physical contact "with an open hand, and to contact on extremities or buttoc ks", as in spanking, strapping, smacking, beating, or whipping (Remus 22). Behaviors that do cause risk injury (e.g., punching, kicking, burning) are considered physical abuse (Gershoff, "Corporal" 540). Parents punish their children physically for discipline. However, parents' corporal punishment may inadvertently result in child physical abuse administered by their anger. Sometimes they even intended to harm a child. In my opinion, physical abuse can be a potential outcome of corporal punishment. Parents' use of corporal punishment in homes are likely to have few intended positive effects and many unintended negative effects. Besides, hitting children frequently may worsen parent-child relationship as well as children's future character flaw. In this case, corporal punishment of children in homes needs to be outlawed in America. Fi... ...b. 20 Nov. 2014. Robinson, B.A. Religious Tolerance. DoubleClick, 11 Apr. 2002. Web. 29 Nov. 2014. "Should Spanking Be Banned?" stophitting. The Center for Effective Discipline. Jun. 2008. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. Straus, Murray A. "Spanking and the Making of a Violent Society". Pediatrics 98.4 (1996) 834-836. Print. Straus, Murray A., and Glenda Kaufman Kantor. "Corporal Punishment Of Adolescents By Parents: A Risk Factor In The Epidemiology Of Depression.." Adolescence 29.115 (1994): 543. Web. 20 Nov. 2014. "To Spank or Not to Spank?" stophitting. The Center for Effective Discipline. Jun. 2008. Web. 6 Dec. 2014. Williams, Walter E. " Making a Case for Corporal Punishment." Inside of the News 13 Sep. 1999. Web. 29 Nov. 2014. Wegner, Paul D. "Discipline In The Book Of Proverbs: 'To Spank Or Not To Spank?'" Jets 48.4 (2005): 715-732. Web. 16 Nov. 2014.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Historic Preservation and Environmental Conservation Essay

The preservation of historic sites and other historic artifacts is said to be significant if a society or a community values its heritage that paved the way to how far the society has reached. Historic preservation implies raising the public’s awareness regarding historical objects so as to ensure that these objects will be well taken care of through time. It is not only that these historic objects serve the purpose of reminding the public of their history and from where their society came from long before the present generation existed. It is also that these objects of historical value serve the purpose of providing an insight into the past which could very well contribute to the knowledge of the larger society, teaching lessons and principles from the past that still apply in contemporary times. As Donovan Rypkema explains, historic preservation â€Å"revitalizes and revalues the nearby existing investment of both the public and private sectors (1999, March). † However, there are criticisms against the purposes from which historic preservation is founded. For the most part, preserving large infrastructures that no longer meet the modern architectural standards faces the challenge of justifying the preservation of such historic architectures especially when health hazards to the general public are involved. Another consideration is when historic objects take a huge chunk of finances in maintaining their conditions through decades, if not centuries. While it is certainly convincing to say that the preservation of objects and landmarks that share a sizeable history of a community or a society is important, there remains the challenge of allocating the proper finances and other resources in order to address the task of preserving such objects through time. Moreover, the external conditions which are beyond the control of humanity such as the various forces of weather pose significant threats to the preservation of historical objects which further increase the allocated resources required to fulfill the task of preserving such objects. Nevertheless, the thought that historic preservation might demand for a huge share of resources while risking the health of the public to a certain extent does not necessarily entail that the task of preservation should be abandoned quite easily. Efforts to weigh and mitigate the competing public interests are equally paramount in order to bring about a shared sense for history. That goal can be done in various ways, from legislative efforts in the government to the collaboration of the government sphere with the sphere of private individuals and organizations. Historic preservation can overlap with environmental conservation precisely because these two things are interconnected in some areas. For instance, an effort to hinder the demolition of an ancient landmark to give way for the construction of a modern edifice is connected with the preservation of the natural resources surrounding the landmark. On the other hand, an effort to conserve the remaining flora and fauna in a tropical region can help in securing the area’s present condition which can give way to the preservation of the cultural heritage of the people whose ancestors have lived in the area many years back. In essence, any attempt to preserve history has a corresponding effect on the conservation of what remains of the environment and vice versa. In a more general sense, preserving historic sites and objects creates an impact on the demand of human beings on the resources of the world. That is, as old buildings and other significant landmarks are destroyed and are replaced with new structures, the environment surrounding the area is altered. Especially in cases where the historic landmark that is to be destroyed is situated in an environment teeming with natural resources such as trees and wildlife which local folks depend on for their daily needs to live, destroying the site will also alter the ecological footprint of these people in certain cases. Connecting Historical Preservation and the Environment Conservation The preservation of history and the conservation of the environment come hand in hand in many ways, one of which is the case where the demolition of an existing historic landmark so as to give space for a new building to be constructed requires the alteration of the current geographic and environmental location of the landmark. For example, the historic landmark may be a 19th century railway station which has been used until the beginning of the 21st century in America. The historic value of the railway station may come from the fact that it was the means of long-distance transportation of the people during those times, and that it was the first of its kind in the whole world. It may also come from the fact that the railway station is one which symbolized the beginning of the era of American interstate transportation, and that the landmark was built from the rising demands for an effective and efficient way of providing a cheaper transportation system in America. It may also come from the fact that the landmark has been built by the local people and, thus, the railway station stands as the concrete proof, literally and figuratively, of the common desires of the people and of the unity of the public consciousness during those times. With those things in mind, it can then be said that the railway station’s historic value justifies its preservation. If the landmark is to be destroyed, a portion of American history will vanish with it and that those who labored for its realization after years and years of work will soon just become another page in history books never to be seen firsthand by the generations to come. The part where the environmental conservation aspect comes in is the part where the actual demolition of the landmark transpires. The mere fact that in order to build a new edifice right on the spot where the railway station is built implies that the railway station has to be demolished. Architectural and engineering considerations oftentimes require not only a major altering of the exact location where the landmark is situated but also an altering of the vicinity around the landmark which in this example is the railway station. In the process of demolishing the old structure and building a new one in place of it, trees might be cut down, fertile topsoil might need to be excavated and replaced with cement, and wild animals might be driven away from their habitat just to name a few. Moreover, the debris and other wastes resulting from the demolition of historic infrastructures poses threats to the environment (The Greenest Building). However, if the historic site is retained and the goal of establishing a new edifice in its place is abandoned, there will be no need to cut the trees, to dig the fertile topsoil and to drive away wildlife from their dwelling place. In the end, the status quo of the environment around the old railway station is maintained and, thus, there will be no ecological concerns. Ecological Footprint First used by William Rees and Mathis Wackernagel in the early 1990s, the concept of â€Å"ecological footprint† involves the measurement of the demand of human beings over the ecosystems of the planet. With the planet’s capacity to regenerate its land and water resources, ecological footprint compares the consumption of natural resources with that capacity. Moreover, if all human beings lived a given lifestyle, then it is possible to know exactly how much human demand is being provided for by the planet’s ecosystem through its numerous natural resources in order to support humanity’s existence. Does historic preservation have an effect on one’s ecological footprint? Apparently, there is no easy answer to this question simply because it is not always the case that historic preservation affects one’s ecological footprint. Neither is it always the case that historic preservation does not affect one’s ecological footprint. Simply put, historic preservation may or may not entirely affect one’s ecological footprint depending on the circumstances. The calculation of the ecological footprint for areas with dense population, for instance, is said to lead to the perception that such populations are â€Å"parasitic† because small cities or countries with a huge population have little internal capacity to generate and regenerate its biological resources especially biological resources on the land to provide for its large population. Moreover, the ecological footprint would indicate that these small cities and countries might depend on the hinterlands just to meet the demands for natural resources for its dense population. Since historic preservation basically involves the preservation of historic sites and the objects that may be found in these sites, cities such as the first-class and heavily industrialized ones with historic sites may choose to demolish such sites in order to put commercial infrastructures in its place. And since these cities already depend largely on the hinterlands for its needs of natural resources, there will be a very minimal effect, if not a negligible one, on the ecological footprint of the whole city. There are instances, however, where historic preservation directly affects the ecological footprints of certain groups of people or certain societies. In the case of the people living in the hinterlands and where there are several historical sites which have been left untouched for several years by commercial or business ventures, the obliteration of local historic landmarks such as famous barns and classic farmhouses built in earlier times would alter the current state of the environment. For instance, removing the barns and farmhouses in order to give way to the construction of a new highway affects the production capacity of the locality in making use of the natural resources. Moreover, the construction of a new highway makes the lands in the hinterlands more accessible for capitalist ventures such as the creation of houses and other commercial infrastructures—like wood gathering facilities—in place of the barns and farms. These things would eventually lessen the natural resources available in the land while increasing the size of the population of the locality at the same time. Thus, the failure to preserve historic sites in the hinterlands, for instance, causes the alteration of the consumption rate of the natural resources by the hinterland’s population of both wildlife and the people. This in turn leads to an alteration in the capacity of the ecosystem in the hinterland to generate and regenerate its natural resources since an increase in the demand of resources such as land, water, plants and other animals and a decrease in the locations where the ecosystem can continue to regenerate its resources distorts the balance between the supply and demand for such resources. The hinterlands or the wilderness truly indeed have benefits, specifically from providing critical habitat for endangered animals to maintaining the important biological diversity (Wilderness Society, 2004, p. 1) In essence, the extent of the influence of historic preservation on the ecological footprint of a given population depends on whether or not the population lives in small cities or countries that rely on the resources found outside of their immediate territories to supply their population’s demands. A small city with a dense population that primarily depends on its neighboring hinterlands in meeting its needs for resources may not be directly and largely affected either by the failure or the success of efforts to preserve historic sites situated within its boundaries. On the other hand, a small town with a dense population that largely depends on its internal natural resources and barely depends on the resources coming from other towns will be greatly affected by the demolition of historic landmarks found at its vicinity. The removal of such landmarks for the intent of expanding the commercialization of the town will decrease the natural resources available and, thus, decreasing the resources that would have been regenerated by the town’s ecosystem. Depending on the existing demands, the size of the population and the location of historical sites, historic preservation may nonetheless affect ecological footprints. Demand and supply Conventional wisdom reveals that a high demand for natural resources requires a high supply of those resources as well. The interconnection between historical preservation and environmental conservation is further highlighted with the connection between the demand for resources and nature’s supply of resources. As more heritage sites and cultural landmarks are destroyed in order to give way to the construction of more modern buildings and sites, and while more farmlands are being transformed into residential and commercial areas, the supply of natural resources continue to dwindle. This is because the ecological footprint would reveal how the ecosystem is continuously losing the resources to generate and regenerate, outpaced largely by human consumption. On another note, the demand for knowledge about the heritage and history of peoples and societies is always present whereas the supply of the original sources of such history and heritage is on the decline. For instance, constant looting of ancient tombs in Egypt brings a decline in the artifacts which can be used for further investigative study and research on Egypt’s rich history. As a result, knowledge that could have been eventually derived from such artifacts never gets to reach the awareness of the public. Nevertheless, there are current efforts to preserve what is left of the Egyptian tombs and other important historical sites in Egypt (Aslan, 2007). Historic preservation and environmental conservation are two important factors in the existence of mankind. They not only give the people a sense of history and an attachment to the biosphere—more importantly, both things also give the people a sense of responsibility over the things that provide them sustenance to their physical and mental lives. While the preservation of historical objects and the conservation of the environment are tasks that require concerted efforts and a huge volume of tasks to be completed, the benefits at the end of it all far outweigh the challenges that may stand against the way of humanity. References Aslan, R. (2007). Rescuing Cairo’s Lost Heritage. Islamica Magazine, 15. Rypkema, D. (1999, March). Historic Preservation is Smart Growth. Speech presented at National Audubon Society of New York s Conference on Smart Growth, New York. The Greenest Building (2008). The Greenest Building is the One Already Built. Retrieved July 31, 2008, from < http://www. thegreenestbuilding. org/> Wilderness Society (2004). FACTS: National Wilderness Protection System: 1.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Effects of Substance Abuse

Effects of Substance Abuse Roy (2009) argues that addiction is a process that involves physiological changes in a person. The author (Roy 2009) considers addiction to be a social, cultural, genetic, and an experimental process. Addiction is a situation that gives a person temporary pleasure, especially when the victim is in discomfort. However, it is important to note that it always has a negative impact in the long term.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of Substance Abuse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Addicts are individuals who depend on constant substance use (Roy, 2009). It is true that some sort of drugs can cause addiction if abused or used without a doctors prescription. Nonetheless, addiction is not limited to only drugs use as it also involves habits which can be addictive. Such habits as surfing in the internet, taking chocolates, drinking tea, gaming can also be very addictive. Being highly depended on something and being unable to live without it is, therefore, a sign that one is addicted. Humans always seek for pleasure hence this is the bait for which people fall. Seeking for pleasure, addicts show an extraordinary desire and dependence on a substance. Addicts present a great desire to repeat a particular pattern of activity. Roy (2009) describes addicts as individuals who are obsessed and depressed, hence using their obsession to counter their depression. Addiction can be controlled and stopped, but the right approach should be adopted. Through counseling and rehabilitation programs, many addicts have been able to get back to their normal life. Stimulants, such as cocaine, are drugs that accelerate the heart rate increasing the blood pressure (Auburn Hills, 2012). Narcotic analgesics are drugs that relieve the patients or the users from pain, hence changing their mood patterns (Auburn Hills, 2012). Such drugs include Codeine, Heroin, Demerol, Darvon, Morphine, etc. (Auburn Hills, 2012). Hallucino gens, on the other hand, are drugs that cause the user to see things differently than they really appear (Auburn Hills, 2012). They include drugs such as Psilocybin and Peyote (Auburn Hills, 2012). Lastly, the cannabis is another name for marijuana. The main component of the cannabis that makes people addicts is the delta-9 tetrehydrocannabinol, THC (Auburn Hills, 2012). Addiction to the cannabis is the most popular addiction in the world today, especially among teenagers and generally young people. Cannabis addicts find it difficult to give up taking the substance as those who try experience such symptoms as insomnia, loss of appetite, depression, irritability, anger and many others (Leshner, 2001).Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Research conducted by Leshner (2001) showed that in every ten people who used cannabis, one became an addict. Trying the drug several time s increases the chances of addiction while daily users are at the greatest risk of developing dependency. Cocaine, the famous white powder, is a very powerful and addictive drug that has a direct impact on the brain (Leshner, 2001). The drug is a very high stimulant that takes effect in less than ten seconds when smoked. Its pleasurable effects have made the drug popular among many young people as well as the older generation. Cocaine makes the user feel good and become talkative. Once an individual uses cocaine, it is very difficult to forecast if he or she will continue depending on the drug. This is due to its very high addictive nature. Prescription of the drugs which may cause addiction may widely be used for non-medical purposes. Using drugs that have medicinal value for any other purpose apart from the medical use is therefore a drug abuse. There are classes of widely abused drugs which are the Opioids, CNS depressants, and the stimulants (Leshner, 2001). Opioids are normally prescribed to treat pain due to their highly effective analgesic properties (Leshner, 2001). For instance, Morphine is widely used in surgery to mitigate severe pain before and after an operation. Taking such drugs causes rigorous depression, and this can lead to drastic occurrences such as death. However, prescribed doses are effective in managing pain. Another category of drugs that can be widely abused is the CNS depressants. These drugs are medically used to slow down brain functions in order to treat anxiety and insomnia. For example, mephobarbital and pentobarbital are prescribed to manage anxiety, tension, and insomnia in patients (Leshner, 2001). Diazepam and Chlordiazepoxide are prescribed to treat shock and panic attacks, acute stress reactions and anxiety (Leshner, 2001). However, continued use of these drugs may cause tolerance hence the body will require more doses to achieve the same effect. This may lead to physical dependence that may lead to withdrawal if the amoun t used is reduced. The last prescribed category of drugs which can cause addiction is the stimulants. These drugs are used to enhance brain activities unlike the depressants that slow down the brain functions. This category of drugs causes the user to be alert and attentive by increasing the blood pressure (Leshner, 2001). Such drugs are prescribed to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. Other conditions that can be treated with stimulants include obesity and neurological disorders (Leshner, 2001).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of Substance Abuse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Auburn Hills: The 7 Drug Categories. (2012). Retrieved from: http://auburnhills.org/departments/police_department/drug_recognition_expert/7_drug_categories.php Leshner, A. (2001). Prescription Drug Abuse and Addiction. National institute on drug abuse Research Report. 1(1), 1-4. Roy, S. (2009). The Psychology o f Addiction. Retrieved from: https://ezinearticles.com/?The-Psychology-of-Addictionid=1393598

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Free Essays on The Life And Famous Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci

The Life and Famous Works of Leonardo da Vinci 1452 – 1519 Leonardo da Vinci was born on Saturday, April 15, 1452, in the small hamlet of Anchiano not far from the Tuscan town of Vinci situated about twenty miles west of Florence. He was the illegitimate son of Master Piero da Vinci, who was a notary public. In the same year Leonardo was born, Ser Piero married his first wife. He didn’t marry Leonardos mother Caterina. She was probably the daughter of a farmer. (library.thinkquest.org/3044 adv_over.html 1)Local tradition locates his birthplace to a stone cottage that overlooks fields of olive groves. Leonardo da Vinci was a very talented man. Other than his mathematical achievements, he also became a great inventor, astronomer, scientist and of coarse a painter. Besides having the great talent and potential for painting, geometry was his main love for life. He received his education in his father’s house: the usual elementary education of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Then in 1467, when he was seventeen years old, he became an apprentice to Verrocchio; learning painting, sculpture, and attained technical and mechanical skills. In 1472 and the age of 20, "Leanardo di Ser Pierro da Vinci dipintor" was accepted into the painters’ guild in Florence, but he continued to work as an apprentice until 1477. In 1476, he was denounced by the Night Watch, but was acquitted of the charge of immoral conduct. Someone wrote a letter to the city governors and thus, started a rumor, telling of his homosexuality. His family, as well as Verrocchio, intervened and eventuall y the charges were dropped. It is thought that this is why he spent much of his life as a recluse. (www.loadstar.prometeus.net/leonardo/life.html 1) He returned to Florence in 1500. (Hart 96) The Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa is regarded as the most famous and well-known works in all of art history. Leonardo painted it while working on The Battle of ... Free Essays on The Life And Famous Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci Free Essays on The Life And Famous Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci The Life and Famous Works of Leonardo da Vinci 1452 – 1519 Leonardo da Vinci was born on Saturday, April 15, 1452, in the small hamlet of Anchiano not far from the Tuscan town of Vinci situated about twenty miles west of Florence. He was the illegitimate son of Master Piero da Vinci, who was a notary public. In the same year Leonardo was born, Ser Piero married his first wife. He didn’t marry Leonardos mother Caterina. She was probably the daughter of a farmer. (library.thinkquest.org/3044 adv_over.html 1)Local tradition locates his birthplace to a stone cottage that overlooks fields of olive groves. Leonardo da Vinci was a very talented man. Other than his mathematical achievements, he also became a great inventor, astronomer, scientist and of coarse a painter. Besides having the great talent and potential for painting, geometry was his main love for life. He received his education in his father’s house: the usual elementary education of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Then in 1467, when he was seventeen years old, he became an apprentice to Verrocchio; learning painting, sculpture, and attained technical and mechanical skills. In 1472 and the age of 20, "Leanardo di Ser Pierro da Vinci dipintor" was accepted into the painters’ guild in Florence, but he continued to work as an apprentice until 1477. In 1476, he was denounced by the Night Watch, but was acquitted of the charge of immoral conduct. Someone wrote a letter to the city governors and thus, started a rumor, telling of his homosexuality. His family, as well as Verrocchio, intervened and eventuall y the charges were dropped. It is thought that this is why he spent much of his life as a recluse. (www.loadstar.prometeus.net/leonardo/life.html 1) He returned to Florence in 1500. (Hart 96) The Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa is regarded as the most famous and well-known works in all of art history. Leonardo painted it while working on The Battle of ...

Monday, November 4, 2019

Military History Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Military History - Research Paper Example Lynn (51) attributes this phenomenon to limited objectives in addition to lack of effective military weapons and hardware. Moreover, the military command structure was uncoordinated or non-existent which made launching a large-scale military operation a formidable challenge. Combination of these factors resulted into limited notable military conflicts until 1793, when French Revolutionary War started in Europe (Cummings, 1). According to Bruce et al (632), monarchs owned armies a situation that restricted military operations to regions under the jurisdiction of the rulers. The size and the objectives of the military depended on the intentions of the rulers and the public was not actively involved in making important decision pertaining to the role of military. In order for frequent military wars to occur, Bruce et al (636) argued that the â€Å"geographical, technological and political factors that make offensive operations less costly and more effective stimulate more intense secur ity competition, which increases the likelihood of wars†. These factors were conspicuously absent or uncoordinated to stimulate military operations. ... spreading across continents and large regional frontiers as evidenced by French Revolution Wars that spread into various continents from the last decade of eighteenth century. Therefore, acquisitions of resources for the existing dynasties rather than ideological pursuits were the major strategic goals of wars in eighteenth century. The French Revolution War that broke in 1789, for instance had been preceded by aggressive territorial expansion of France in Europe (Lynn, 62) Eighteenth century witnessed a striking change in organization of people in the society. Historians consider the century as a period of â€Å"enlightenment†, which saw a paradigm shift in the ways in which people conducted different activities including wars (Cummings, 2). The three elements of enlightenment, which included rationalism, individualism and relativism, became influential factors that defined and determined military aggression (Cummings, 2). The three elements of enlightenment discouraged milit ary aggression because of the subsequent destruction and loss of human lives (Cummings, 2). Therefore, enlightenment promoted pacifism and complete withdrawal from war like activities. Economic interests and individualism played a critical role in defining political considerations of wars during the period. According to Delbruck (33), participation of monarchs, the owners of the armies in trade and other commercial activities discouraged their military organizations from engaging in intense and large-scale battles. The costly nature of wars was against the rulers’ economic interests because military mobilization utilizes substantial financial and human resources in addition to disrupting normal activities in the society (Delbruck, 60). In this regard, it was in the best interests of monarchs to

Saturday, November 2, 2019

1. Discuss why human rights emerged as an important issue in Essay

1. Discuss why human rights emerged as an important issue in international relations Explain the impact of major cases in international politics - Essay Example Essentially, this tome defined human dignity, as against honor, which according to Berger, Berger and Kellner, always relates to the intrinsic humanity divested of all socially imposed roles or norms and that it pertains to the self as such, to the individual regardless of his position in society (Berger, Berger and Kellner 1974, 89-90). To demonstrate how the Declaration impacted international relations, there is the fact that it is often cited in UN resolutions of the General Assembly as well as the other agencies of the world body. More importantly, the Declaration has also been often used as the foundation of the constitution, laws and judicial decisions of numerous states, making the declaration some form of a standard measuring the progress of states and peoples toward realizing the full respect for human freedom. Further on, there is also the power of technology and the integrating nature of communication and globalization that made it impossible for atrocities committed against individuals to be hidden from international scrutiny. An excellent example was when in 1983, peasants from Uchuraccay, Peru killed visiting journalists mistaking them as members of Sendero Lumino (SL), the most notorious terrorist group in Latin America. Because of this, Peru came to the attention of world and human rights became part of the Peruvians’ ordinary language (Cleary 91). Non-governmental organizations have also been formed, with hundreds of thousands of volunteers, experts and civil servants pledging to pursue and protect international human rights. The negative dimension to the human rights discourse in the context of international relations is demonstrated in the US-Latin American relations. A specific reference to the American policy towards human rights was contained in the inaugural address of US President Carter wherein he declared: â€Å"Because we are free, we can never be

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Gulf Air Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Gulf Air - Case Study Example Assets of the gulf air company have become manifold as compared to the time it started its business. (Gulf Air Official Website, 2010) The history of Gulf aviation relates back to the 1940s when a British pilot and entrepreneur named Freddie Bosworth started a company with the aim of providing air taxi services to the local customers and to the businesses. For ten years he was carrying on with the company with his small fleet of aircrafts and at the end of first quarter of 1950 he transformed his business into a private shareholding company with the name of Gulf Aviation. Therefore, it can be regarded as one of the oldest air carriers performing operations in the Middle East. After some time in 1951, the founder of the company died and it was all set to be sold to the big guns of the aviation industry. (Gulf Air Official Website, 2010) In the month of October of the year 1951 British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) acquired a 22% stake in the Gulf Aviation and therefore became a major share holder in the company. After the purchase of stake of the Gulf Aviation by British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) some of the updated and technologically advanced aircrafts were added to the fleet of the company as well as the company started its services to London city. Year 1973 is regarded as the most important year in the his... Thus by the acquisition of the shares of the company Gulf air became the national carrier of those four countries in the Persian Gulf. Moving further along the line in the same year, Gulf aviation achieved another land mark with the establishment of the subsidiary company of Gulf Helicopters. In the 1980s an increase in the trend of travelling by air was seemed in the world and the air travel was seemed to be the best commuting route in the world. With this opportunity Gulf airways also cashed in to make the best out of the bargain. It was the time of some real growth for the company and the company made the best out of the available opportunities. In the year 1981 Gulf Air became an IATA member and in the following year, it became the first International airline to land at Riyadh. With the progress of the company more and more aircrafts were also being added to the fleet of the company and in the year 1988 Boeing 767s were added to the fleet of the company and with the addition of Boeing 767s more services were offered to different customers of the different destinations. Gulf air also has the prestige of being the first Arab airline to fly directly to the continent of Australia. In the year 1994 Gulf air started receiving the airbus aircrafts and in the year 2000 took t he delivery of all of the remaining airbus aircrafts. In the meanwhile gulf air extended its services to the other parts of the world and the procedure of expansion did not stop. In the 1990s gulf air was down on profits and was not performing well as a corporate entity when the reign of the fleet and resources of gulf air was held in the hands of a newly appointed CEO of the company. In the year 2002 Mr. James Hogan became the president

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Arts & academic Essay Example for Free

Arts academic Essay First of all, I have the diligence, determination, and aptitude to take on an Arts degree and make the most out of it. In such a large university, the ability to interact with peers and mentors both on academic and social levels is of also prime importance for survival. I am fortunately blessed with exceptional communication and interpersonal skills that allow me to be able to interact well in diverse groups. I can speak out my mind politely and explain my thoughts clearly and comfortably to make my peers and mentors understand my ideas accurately. However, the quality in me that I believe above all else would make me a success in a university Arts program is my strong vision of what I intend to be in life. This vision of mine has guided me throughout my education, keeping me in track with what I want out of life. My vision gives me an exact sense of personality, and through it I derive meaning and originality. I know what I want and I know that I have what it takes to make it happen, and that will eventually make me a success in your Arts program.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

The Impact Of Globalization On Engineering Companies

The Impact Of Globalization On Engineering Companies Globalization is one of the prominent features in the current trend of evolution for national economies. Companies and Nations can be offered with huge potential profits through globalization, but it is more complicated to implement because of widely differing expectations, standard of living, cultures and values as well as unexpected global cause-and-effect linkages. [1] Financial Globalization: Combination of sedentary financial system of a particular country with international organization as well as financial markets. Financial globalization acts as a safeguard against national shocks, an excellent system for the global allocation of resources in a more efficient way. [2] Production Globalization: Producers are getting more benefits from different cultures cheap labors all around the world, due to which world has become the global village. Companies prefer other parts of the world, where products are available at lower cost. Other reason for this is availability of natural resources in the country preferred facility provided by that country for foreign investments. This has a wide application addressed as production globalization, which needs higher technological knowledge countries with highly skilled people. [3] Competitive Globalization: In world where global competition is increasingly growing, nation has become more, not less, prominent. Basis of competition being shifted more more, the generation orientation of knowledge, role of nation has flourished. Competitive advantages is generated and approved through a highly confined process. Diversity in national values, culture, economic structures, institutions histories are all devoted to competitive success. Companies achieve competitive advantage through acts of innovation with broadest sense, including the new ways new technologies, this helps in perceiving an entirely new market opportunity. Globalization of Industry technology always helps in creating new winners also losers within the national economy for the competition to be more stronger. [4] Basic step of globalization is that, it is an intensified transference of exchange of things between pre-constituted units, being they are political, economic and cultural. Thus, Globalization signifies a process of change which originates at the level of unit in terms of unintended consequences of interaction between units. [5] Understanding of globalization can be accomplished in terms of range of values across the below mentioned four characteristics. When we see how far it reaches, broader geographical effects could be experienced in events and actions that take place. Globalization involves social, political economic activities being stretched and once it is implemented onto the process, one part of the world has an increasing effect on the situations in the other parts of world. http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTBMX7rPCg3IhrcLq9BVCHUHJAqtsGMIvMazbRNCChdlvBT6obQ Fig: Understanding the concept of globalization. (Google Images) Speed of global interconnections processes are uncertain. Results of developments in travel and communication technology have larger velocity. Impact of Globalization cannot be expected only in single type, but there are four different types of impact or outcome. Decisional Impact: What are the effects of globalizing processes? How do individuals, corporations, organization government make decisions? Institutional Impact: How the agendas of organizations and individuals are changed and structure their preferences regarding choices and influences? Distributive Impact: How is the distribution of way, wealth power within and among the countries changed? Structural Impact: How are the patterns behavior structured? This contains Social patterns, political patterns, economic patterns etc. [6] Source of lot of disputes over globalization involves different perceptions and the criteria employed in conceptualizing and defining it. Globalization of any market is at hand. The powerful force drive arises by comprising the commonality of the technology. This has three distinct abilities over the idea of Globalization, as explained below. (Source-International sociology p-180) Globalization as Transference implies that there is an exchange across the existing unit boundaries, units and systems but it is presumed to be identical to each other. Considering this interpretation, concept of globalization is an individuals ontology, which is logically open for methodological structuring possibilities. Hence takes place at an inside out direction in its flow. Following this logic of transference, we have an intense condensation of consequences today with larger systems being coupled over a corresponding inability to account for how the transformation of units might occur in process. So when there is a certain effect, it is possible to argue that globalization has a new geographical extension of state authority for pushing forward the process, while modern state remains as a globalization vehicle. (Source-International sociology p-184) Globalization as Transformation is a process which occurs at system level, affecting both system and identity of units in equal proportion. This concept is distinct from the first concept which defines the concept of globalization as a multidimensional process that takes place outside in. But there is continuity between them, wherein this second concept theorizes exactly about what is left out and rendered enigmatically by the first concept. Transformation preserves the distinction between unit and the system, but relativizes problematizes the system by turning it into a same level of units analyzed as its constituent parts. From this point of view, globalization might be made to look both necessary irreversible. (Source-International sociology P-186) Globalization as Transcendence implies those distinctions that together condition unit, system and dimension identity. Under this case, the Globalization is neither inside out nor outside in but rather a process that dissolves the divide between inside and outside. This concept is harder than that of transformation, because its concepts are beyond conventional theoretical categories. Globalization brings change not only to identify the units system, but also to the conditions of existence of objects of enquiry and the fields where they are temporalized as per the requirement of human knowledge, hence deriving the globalization forward in a dynamic irreducible form within particular dimensions. [5] Impact of Globalization: People rely more on market economy which has provided more faith in private capital resources, wherein International organizations started playing vital role in developing Industries giving fair impact to certain extent by giving varied opportunities. http://www.fotosearch.com/bthumb/ICN/ICN219/F0015451.jpg It helped in improving better productivity, hence improving standard of living. These are the positive impacts of Globalization over the Industries. The negative impact of globalization has thrown uncertain challenges like inequality across within industries along with market and environmental situations becoming worse. Industries being guarded by trade, investments financial issues, Liberalization process took the pace of Globalization. Financial globalization impact is huge in the composition of national international capital markets. The banking system was mostly stirred it had to experience the dis-intermediation. http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRrMsuwZagwCgZtdlvGarflv8WtMe8wwn7gLFHuIdM2SwzhSK38rA Positive Impact: Enhanced capital flow in each every country with which a country at any time is ready to face the financial confrontation. Capital flow between nations increased, which resulted in a well-organized way Improvement in the standard of living. Negative impact: Poor economy of any country would be affected by financial shocks of different countries. It would cause a severe disorder cost high for stock market turbulence, bank failures, corporate bankruptcies, currency depreciation, etc. For financially developed countries, financial globalization would reap out an extremely advantageous output. [7] Impact of Competitive globalization- Globalization has created fast growing market that stimulates new competition, demands higher level of efficiency requires true ability in supply chain development. Globalization of Industry technology promises to accelerate transnational integration cross-fertilization in engineering, technology and management. http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRnTBkbtQLFxjzqpMHpcT35VTbgrkxliOTxbhXoynzCICu388zGlg Fig: Competitive Globalization. (Google images) Competitive globalization of technical activities improves the difference and depth of current stock of world engineering and resources thereby provide greater stimulus to economic growth and technological development. [8] Impact of Production Globalization- Major measures initiated as a part of the liberalisation and globalisation strategy in the early nineties included scrapping of the industrial licensing regime, reduction in the specialization, correction of the ownership and the restrictive trade practice act, start of the privatisation programme, reduction in tariff rates and change over to the market determined exchange rates. http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQtzwR1iADc_QOa2sHQDTdvo4QSGRu-RHNJ5TT_SBE5RX8OZsTd Fig: Production Globalization (Google Images) India has to concentrate on five important areas to achieve the set goal. The areas like technological entrepreneurship, new business openings for small and medium enterprises, importance of quality management, new prospects in rural areas and privatisation of financial institutions. The manufacturing of technology and management of technology are two different significant areas in the country. [9] Globalization has many positive, contemporary enterprising aspects so as to increase the market access, capital access access to technology which improves the income employment opportunities. Intensified competition given through the transfer of investments, production rapid structural changes is the main principle of globalization. But if there is any pressure from globalization, it would affect the employment relations at regional, national international levels. Source- Human resource champions (Dave Ulrich) p-176 Important Effects of Globalization are raising competitiveness, relocation of economic activities, structural changes in economy, increased integration of global economic activities, improving technological advancements, increased innovation and skill mismatch. Impact of globalization varies considerably according to the organizational settings within each country; this framework influences the employer strategies business interests. Source- Human Resource Champions (Dave Ulrich) P-181 [10] Challenges of Globalization: The influence of globalization framework describes extent to which the firms respond to the opportunities threats evinced by Globalization; it is characterized by management initiatives to modify business tactics, marketing activities general series of tactical exercises in adroit move characterized by craftiness. Challenge : Earth Puzzle Prominent challenges of globalization are, competitive horizon is dominated by globalization. Globalization entails new ways of thinking about business; it may be regarding new markets, products, mind sets or competencies. Complex network of global centers of excellence is required for effective global competencies. Developing countries when integrated into global economy will present difficult challenges which are worth gaining. This is to be more significantly achieved by Industrial Developing countries. This provides an opportunity to improve the welfare over the long term. Wide ranging impact of globalization touches on many basic philosophical questions that give raise to different challenges. Globalization challenges to the traditional assumptions like profound quantitative increase in and intensification of social relations. [11] Detailed Description of Globalization impact over the service, product financial issues: To understand this whole concept, let us consider an example to be the context; wherein I have considered QUEST GLOBAL to explain this whole concept. http://www.quest-global.com/images/Quest_logo.gif Fig: Quest Global (questglobal.com) Growing is easy when company is small, but growing is not as easy when the same company grows bigger. Quest global is a leading provider of diversified engineering manufacturing services globally. It employs over 2000 professionals and has delivery centers in India, USA, Italy, Japan, Germany, France, Singapore, UK Spain. Quest Global is ranked World No.1 in Engineering Service Outsourcing by the Black Book of Outsourcing 2009. Quest Manufacturing specializes in precision manufacturing for aerospace, automotive and industrial components, power generation, large scale turnkey fabrication, design and manufacturing of test rigs, tooling, fixtures and gages. Quest has partnered with more than 10,000 companies around globe. It is a globalized company which is more stable in the systems management market for more than 20 years offering solid brand recognition. All over the world customers have selected Quest Global because of its product innovation passion, deep manufacturing expertise main focus over the consumer needs. [12] Milestones: At first, found Ajit Prabhu Aravind Melligeri in New York (Chairman and Chief executive Officer); after which Quest Global India was set up in Bangalore. It acquired a position of leader in providing Computer Aided Engineering consulting services, so as to enter the automotive domain. Finally by 2 years of hard work, it received its ISO 9001:2000 certification. Next step was getting appointed by Ansys, as its first-of-its-kind Centre of excellence in India. http://www.hfmametrony.org/Portals/0/Milestones_side.jpg Fig: Milestone (Google images) It signed up with United Technologies in Aero scope domain to provide good services. Wholly owned subsidiary was set up in Italy with its office at Florence, then in China with its office at Hangzhou. It received funding from Carlyle group that invested so as to improve its facilities to access new customers or markets. Wholly owned subsidiary was set up in Japan with its office in Yokohama City. Expanding of Aerospace manufacturing and Magellan Aero scope; Quest Global Manufacturing signs a 10 year strategic agreement. Both Quest Global and Magellan launch Indias first special processing facility for aerospace manufacturing. It received the award ISO 27001 for product development and engineering solutions promoters bought back the Carlyle stake. It achieved AS9100 Certification for aerospace manufacturing. Quest global becomes 1st India private sector player qualified globally to offer end to end solutions to EADS (European Aeronautic Defence Space Company). Quest manufacturing sets up a sheet metal fabrication facility for aerospace. Company got the notification from Government of India to lease out land at its precision engineering SEZ (Special Economic Zones) at Belgaum, India. It won competitive strategy leadership award from Frost Sullivan. It acquired ASE (Automotive Service Excellence) Technologies. It was awarded International Head Quarters Status by EDB (Economic Development Board), Singapore. Quest Globals commitment to quality and distinguished record in Engineering Consulting Services and Manufacturing has enabled it to establish a leadership position in most of its service offerings. With a best-in-class global leadership team, Quest Global is recognized as one of the largest pure play engineering services player, providing integrated product development and build solutions across the engineering services value chain. [13] After looking at all these achievements, we can understand how well this company is influenced by the production competitive efficiencies and has helped the company to grow in a well-developed manner globally all over the world. The vision of this company is to be most recognized respected global product development solutions partner to their customers. With respect to these visions, the company has its mission set which is to enhance the profitability of their customers through globalization. The core values for acquiring this mission are:http://www.eaaev.org/images/mission-statement.jpg Customer focus. Change championship. Teamwork. Accountability. To provide the globalized engineering service, they made use of crucial soft skills with the conclusion that, there is no one size fits to all solution for managing that satisfying level of end users. According to their opinion, customer relationship management communication were important for which the result would be seen in the milestones mentioned above. There is a tremendous change experienced in outsourcing characteristics which is aiming towards the tactical strategic benefits globally. Initially started with the availability of resources, which is now transformed into strategic initiatives like diversity, new capabilities catching up new markets trend for increase in productivity profitability of company. This has given major challenges ahead before achieving the goal that is set by the company. The solution for these major challenges was an excellent program managing framework, which helped in achieving the goals, maintain implement increasing benefits within the company. The foremost and key successful factor for the success of globalization is an effective efficient framework for managing the program in more productive manner. This process includes understanding customer needs, new value propositions based on the extracted needs, implementation of approved value propositions, value addition which helped in continuously improving. All these factors were achieved only through efficient coordinating with end users, management, sponsors, team members, supporting functions and suppliers for the relevant integration and control of various processes. Once the goals are being set into the framework, it is very important that clear objectives are to be defined for the whole process to be successful. In most of globalized environments all the parameters are framed for the growth support of the business, increase in the return of investment (margin velocity), continuously customizing the customer needs not losing any opportunities. The driving factor that contributes to pull push system required highly motivated and energetic leadership which plays the vital role and to react for changes that may occur drastically. All processes were made flexible, mature capable at all stages- program, project, task activity. Resulting output with standards were made acceptable by appearance, domain or the function. This success was made possible by establishing proper vision, mission, growth, n finally implementing these road maps with effective controlling changing these maps according to the customer requirements. SWOT analysis was more reliable for understanding the customer needs by filling the frequent gaps or risk analysis. To foster the quality, detailed process tools were used in the framework. Techniques like Manage by wandering around (MBWA) Manage by action items (MBAI) were used as a key drive to the success. This company has three different domains in which it has been successful all these years; they are Aerospace, Automotive Industrial products. When we just concentrate on how this company has improved globally within all these three domains individually, we get to know different characteristics from each and every domain. Looking into the Quest Manufacturing domain, it specializes in manufacturing products with precision, fabrication of sheet metal, tool design development, aerospace gauges fixtures, special processing, Industrial automotive verticals. Customized end-to-end solution is provided by flexible and modular approach from design to manufacturing; this reduces the cost value being increased. When exploring Quest Engineering domain, this company provides modified manufacturing engineering services. This company helps customers in different fields like industrial products, consumer electronics, in aerospace, health care, oil gas, power generation so as to cut product development costs, shortening lead times, maximizing the availability of resources, extending capacity by providing the complete support across the product life cycle from design modeling through analysis, prototyping, automation, data documentation, instrumentation controls, embedded systems development, manufacturing support, vendor management in-house precision machining. [14] They utilize a systematic approach called Global product development in order to bring resources together and manage from low cost regions to improve the customers profitability. It also uses SEZ for precision engineering which provides best-in-class facilities infrastructure for aerospace industry. C:UsersNamrathaDesktopashwiniCapture.PNG Fig (a): Increased Variation in achievement of the company in previous years. (Image from trusted source) Influence of financial, competitive production globalization on the relationship of Quest-Global and its client world-wide includes lot many significant factors. They are: Mindset We will do. There are 3 important mindset over which the company must focus for the productive outcome. They are It will happen, It may or may not happen or Its not going to happen. Chances of the companys success increases dramatically only when the process starts with We can do it mindset. Quality Delivery- Customers are God. No service business can sustain grow if it is not able to cherish its customers. Repeating business makes the issue possible. Quality always comes first, cost always comes next. Customer Focus Listen to the Customers. Customers are the vital players of any company are business, because they are the providers of Statement of work they are the individuals who give purchase orders. Hands on value driven It is not just the job we have to perform, but it is our mission. This must be the attitude of people involved in work in any company. This was the concern each every worker in this company which has increased the global position of this company to a very large extent as shown in the graph. [Information from trusted source] The other two important factors that are influencing the growth of this company worldwide drastically are Outsourcing Off-shoring. To make the product development cost minimum, to shorten the lead time, for the capacity to be extended, engineering resources to be maximized, the company use the technique of Outsourcing. To build deliver the products that are better and cheaper, to minimize the developing costs, to reduce the lead time, maximizing the resources, the technique of Off-shore engineering service is being used. This transforms the vendor company into a global force. Hence, this company is one of the top off-shore engineering companies for its resilience as a mature stable for their clients. Quests expertise in outsourcing engineering services ranges from concept design, detailing analysis, to product realization solution in all fields like aerospace, civil structures, power generation, industrial products, oil gas and transportation. They provide better, faster more value-optimized solutions through global product development framework. [15] Conclusion: By realizing their future goal, they clocked the revenue value fixed per every headcount in the company to certain value for certain time period. Even under that recession period that occurred in 2008, it grew its revenue by 15%. This had an effect of growth mindset, strong cost controls cautious spending which helped them in sailing over complications without making any undeniable choices across the board until this point of their global journey. http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQDS4AnZna9f_qOuJaY7tOS6hGlBctOF8PwL1Cu9Y78BkRXqjtV Fig: conclusion (Google images) They also used the strong key factors to stand strong over the global market; they are committed team members, focused strategy on strategic accounts, ability to adapt and meet the client needs. The company looks its future goals in a very promising way, due to which they are backed by strong bonding with their strategic accounts with Rolls Royce, Pratt Whitney, GE, Hamilton, Sundstrand, PG, EADS and several other emerging accounts. Their belief in saying, Past success does not guarantee the future success has helped them in achieving a drive of 40% growth every year. This result has created a dynamic market that has stimulated a strong competitive environment within the company and also the demands have reached a very high level of efficiency, this also requires true ability in supply chain development for both Financial and production impact. The Industry technology they are using, it promises to accelerate transnational integration cross-fertilization in all sectors of engineering, technical management. Bringing together and managing resources from low cost regions has helped them enhance their customers profitability. The usage of automation tool in production domain has helped the user in reducing the design cycle time considerably which provides with more accurate and detailed information. All the design rules and logics are now incorporated inside the master models which help in better knowledge management. The migration from 2D to 3D CAD platform has helped the user in reducing design errors and provides better visualization of the product. The standardization of the product structure and design practice and automating the same has given the user an edge over its competitors. [15] Their competitive globalization of technical activities has promised to improve the differences depth of current stock of world engineering and resources; thereby providing the greater stimulus to the economic growth technological development. [Information from trusted source]